Research On Erosion And Wear Characteristics Of Helicopter Blades

Erosion and wear caused by the impact of solid particles will obviously cause material loss of parts and reduce their working performance and service life.In this paper,a research on the erosion and wear of blades of helicopters performing special tasks in the aviation field under severe conditions is carried out.Under typical sand and dust conditions,the main rotor blades of the helicopter are impacted by a large number of dust particles,and the damage caused to the blades obviously affects the flight performance of the helicopter.Therefore,in-depth study of the erosion mechanism and erosion area of the helicopter blades by dust particles,optimization of the blade material,and increasing the erosion resistance of the blade are of great significance to the improvement of the helicopter’s own flight quality.In this paper,the computational fluid dynamics software Ansys-Fluent is used to carry out the effect of different particle impact velocities and incident angles under gas-solid two-phase flow on three common helicopter blade materials(Ti-4Al-1.5Mn,Mg-Li9-A3-Zn3,Al7075-T6)erosion analysis,the erosion rate of the three materials is obtained.The results show that Ti-4Al-1.5Mn blades have better erosion resistance than Al7075-T6 and Mg-Li9-A3-Zn3 blades.Comparing the simulation data,it is concluded that the erosion rates of the three material blades all increase significantly with the increase of the particle impact velocity,while the small incident angle impact does not significantly change the erosion rate of the three material blades.Furthermore,the blade erosion research based on the desert scorpion bionic layer was carried out,and it was concluded that the blade with the V-shaped bionic layer showed better erosion resistance than the blade with the VC-type bionic layer.In this paper,a full-scale model of the actual helicopter blade is established,and the slip grid in Ansys-Fluent is used to simulate the erosion of the blade by particles during the rotation process.For different particle mass flow rates(0.5,1.0 or 1.5 kg/s)and different particle diameters(100 μm,500 μm and 1000 μm),the blades are subject to erosion at different rotation speeds(500,1000 and 2000 rpm).The numerical research was carried out.It is concluded that the severely eroded area of the blade mainly occurs at the leading edge of the blade,and the eroded area of the blade increases significantly with the increase of the blade speed.With the increase of particle mass flow rate,the erosion rate of the blade increases significantly,but with the increase of the blade speed,the maximum erosion rate shows a decreasing trend;at the same blade speed,as the particle diameter increases,the blades of maximum erosion rate of the blades is also reduced,which shows that particles with small diameters are more likely to impact the helicopter blades.A wind-sand particle impact test bench was built,and the erosion and abrasion experiment of the blade particles coated with the above three materials was carried out,and the average erosion rate of the three materials was calculated to verify the erosion resistance of the titanium alloy blade It is indeed better than the other two materials in erosion resistance,and the erosion and wear conditions of the blades of the three materials are analyzed using the tungsten filament scanning electron microscope EVO18 of Germany Zeiss company(ZEISS).When the material is impacted by particles at low speed,there are obvious particle cutting and furrow scratches on the surface of the material,and the material is mainly squeezed and deformed after the particle impact speed is increased.All three materials have experienced abrasive wear,flaking wear and oxidative wear.It can be concluded that there are multiple erosion and wear mechanisms in the erosion and wear of helicopter blades.