Research On Detailed Design Methods Of Precast Components In Prefabricated Buildings Based On BIM Technology

While the construction industry is promoting urban economic development and increasing the level of urbanization,it also brings problems such as severe environmental pollution,long construction cycles,and frequent accidents.Prefabricated buildings have become an important starting point for the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry due to their advantages such as a more environmentally friendly construction process,shorter construction periods,and a better construction operation environment.BIM technology provides technical means for the information management of prefabricated buildings.However,there are still problems such as low standardization and low interoperability in the prefabricated building precast component design with BIM technology,which lead to the absence and separation of precast components in the deepening design stage and other stages.Therefore,how to solve the problem of lack and separation between the various levels of the design process of precast components has become a key issue to be solved urgently.Firstly,this paper systematically sorts out and summarizes the existing precast component design process,and compares and analyzes the differences and similarities between the precast component design process and the traditional design process from nine dimensions.Secondly,based on the research methods of literature review and semi-structured interview,this paper systematically sorted out and improved the deepening design process of precast components,and selected five design institutes with rich design experience in Shenzhen to conduct field research,clarifying the core path and design main line of precast component deepening design process.On this basis,the general structure of prefabricated building is constructed.Thirdly,based on semi-structured interview,the primary and secondary functional modules required for the detailed design of precast components were clarified.Based on C# programming language and Revit API,the Revit API-based platform for the detailed design of precast components of prefabricated buildings was independently developed by using secondary development technology.Finally,based on the research method of case analysis,this paper uses the platform of precast component deepening design to study and demonstrate the actual project,and finally verifies the feasibility of the precast component deepening design process.The research results show that,(1)the existing precast component design process can be divided into two types,namely the traditional precast component design process and the BIM technology-based precast component design process.The biggest difference is that the latter focus more on modular design with 3D design software,and the latter can use BIM technology in collaborative design.(2)the overall architecture for the detailed design of precast components of prefabricated buildings is divided into four levels,namely the basic resource layer,the design process layer,the business module layer and the function display layer.(3)The prototype of the detailed design platform for precast components constructed includes three first-level function modules and eleven second-level function modules.The three first-level function modules are component design,optimized design,and drawing reports,the secondlevel function module are respectively precast column design,precast composite beam design,precast composite board design,precast concrete wall design,precast stairs design,deepened embedded parts,3D preassembled,generated drawings,exported drawings,viewed statistical reports and exported material details.(4)the detailed design process of precast components with Revit as the core is component split → component design → optimized design → component drawing → material list.This paper is helpful to clarify the design process of precast components and the main process of deepening design.The prototype of the precast deepening design platform not only helps to better connect the various levels of the precast deepening design of prefabricated buildings,but also helps to demonstrate the functional requirements of each level of the deepening design process through a systematic platform from the technical level.In addition,the research results of this paper are also helpful for structural designers to perform design tasks such as component design,deepen embedded parts,component drawing in Revit software,thus reducing the workload of structural designers to some extent.