| As a typical construction machine,wheel loaders are widely used in highway,railway,building,hydropower,port,mine and other construction projects due to its simple operation,flexible operation and high working efficiency.The loader rear axle swing frame assembly,located between the rear frame and the rear axle assembly,supports the rear frame and other components.When the loader is working on an uneven road surface,it enables both wheels of the rear axle to land at the same time and keeps the frame and cab in normal horizontal position when swinging on the rear axle.Therefore,the bearing performance of swing frame is very important to the reliability of the entire vehicle.Aiming at the fracture failure of the swing frame of a wheel loader in a steel plant,the finite element analysis,fatigue simulation,stress test,topology optimization and other methods are comprehensively applied to complete the topology optimization design the swing frame of the wheel loader.A set of theoretical calculation,simulation analysis,optimization design and stress test methods of the swing frame of the wheel loader are formed.The main contents of this paper include:Firstly,the actual working conditions of wheel loaders in steel plant were studied and analyzed,and three typical working conditions were selected to carry out force analysis on rear axle assembly and front and rear housings of swing frame.Secondly,the static finite element analysis of the front and rear shells was carried out by using HyperWorks software,and the fatigue simulation analysis of the front shell of the swing frame was carried out by using ANSYS software,and the comparison between simulation results and the damaged parts was made.Thirdly,according to the condition of damaged parts and the result of the finite element analysis and fatigue analysis,the stress test of the key points of swing frame was simulated under the actual working conditions,and the unqualified points and high stress areas of front shell under the condition of forward loading of waste residue were obtained,and the validity of finite element analysis was verified.Finally,the theoretical calculation and HyperWorks structural topology optimization method were applied to complete the optimization design of the front shell.The results of static simulation analysis,fatigue analysis and stress test analysis show that the strength and fatigue life of the improved front shell meet the customer’s requirements.In this study,theoretical analysis,finite element static strength analysis,fatigue simulation,optimal design and test verification methods are comprehensively applied to realize the optimum design of the front shell of the loader swing frame.The optimum design method can be applied to the design of other similar parts such as the loader rear axle shell,to reduce the research and development cost. |
