Research On Influencing Factors And Improvement Strategies Of Designers’ Safety Risk Perception

Safety design is the source stage of safety control,which has a more effective and far-reaching impact on improving the safety level of workers.The designer’s accurate identification of risk is a necessary condition for safety design.Therefore,the research on designers’ risk perception is of great significance to improve their safety design ability and the personal safety level of domestic construction workers.Starting from the influencing factors of designers’ risk cognition,this paper explores different types of designers’ risk cognition,analyzes the causes of cognitive differences,and puts forward strategies to improve designers’ risk cognition,so as to provide reference direction for the development of domestic safety design and the improvement of construction workers’ safety level.Firstly,this paper designs the Q-method based on image.Aiming at the three types of building safety design objects reflecting the main body and peripheral design methods in China,namely building structure,roof and facade,the corresponding universal and representative photos reflecting the design method and the corresponding construction process are collected as the evaluation materials to explore the designer’s risk cognition;Secondly,through the pre research,the method process and photo materials are adjusted and verified,and the risk cognition of the structural design specialty,architectural design specialty and the construction specialty introduced as the supplementary reference is preliminarily observed;After the formal research,this paper collects the quantitative score and qualitative interview data of risk cognition of various professionals,obtains 48 kinds of factor loads and corresponding risk cognition types of various photo materials through factor analysis,and summarizes the evaluation characteristics respectively;Then,by comparing the types and sources of risk perception of different professionals,the key influencing factors of designers’ risk perception are identified and summarized,including safety requirements guiding factors,physical environment threat factors,accident information stimulating factors and industry environment cognitive factors,Among them,the guiding factors of safety requirements include the prevention requirements of large and dangerous projects and the requirements of professional safety responsibility,and the cognition of industry environment includes the cognition of industry policy guidance and the cognition of industry technology level,which is a total of six factors: the first three types of factors reflect the direct influence of designers on the possibility and severity of safety risks,The fourth type of industry environment cognitive factors reflects the direct impact of designers’ Evaluation on the possibility of safety risk,and the industry policy oriented cognitive factors directly lead to the reduction of related risk cognition,and the industry technology level cognitive factors directly lead to the improvement or reduction of some risk cognition;Finally,according to the key influencing factors,this paper puts forward four kinds of improvement strategies for designers’ safety risk cognition: strengthening safety education,enhancing professional communication,organizing on-site observation,and improving safety rights and responsibilities.Through the joint efforts of the organization and industry,designers’ risk cognition can be more comprehensive and reasonable by balancing the influence of various factors.The theoretical value of this study lies in the analysis of the influencing factors of designers’ safety risk cognition,which enriches the research of engineering safety control and risk cognition;The practical value is to put forward the improvement strategy of safety risk cognition according to the influencing factors of designers’ safety risk cognition,which is conducive to enhance the comprehensiveness and rationality of designers’ safety risk cognition,so as to help achieve effective safety design in all kinds of engineering construction,and reduce and control the safety risk from the source.