| A city is a collection of comprehensive economic,social and ecological systems.Urban development will have an important impact on the overall development of the region through a variety of channels and effects.Urban development efficiency is an embodiment of quantifying this complex role and impact,Through the calculation and research of urban development efficiency,we can better reflect the mechanism path in the process of urban development and the evolving characteristics of its development level.However,Due to the geographical and ecological environment characteristics,the results show that this area is still facing challenges like eco-development,regional differences and fragile eco-environment such as waste of water resources,increasing pollution emissions and so on.Therefore,a completed analysis of the temporal and spatial characteristics,and also,influencing factors of urban development efficiency in the area is conductive to identify.In this way,find out the obstacles and hidden dangers now as soon as possible,put forward suggestions and references for the formulation and implementation of policies and measures for high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin is of value and significance to promote the overall urban development efficiency in the Yellow River Basin.Because of that,from the perspective of high-quality development,this paper first establishes the calculation index system of urban development efficiency in the Yellow River Basin,analyzes its current state,calculates and analyzes the efficiency of 56 cities selected in the basin from 2007 to 2018 through super SBM model,GML index and efficiency loss model.Then,the difference index,nuclear density index,Theil index and exploratory Spatio-temporal data analysis methods are used to analyze the evolution of the calculated efficiency value from the prospective of time and space.Finally,it identifies and analyzes possible influencing factors of urban development efficiency,constructs Tobit model and spatial econometric model,empirically tests and analyzes these factors in turn,and finally draws conclusions and suggestions from the results.The paper acquires some conclusions:（1）the urban development efficiency in the Yellow River Basin is generally at a medium level and shows a fluctuating growth trend.From the GML index,technological progress is mainly promoting the efficiency in the basin to some extent.From the efficiency loss model,the redundancy rate of energy,water resources and land input,unexpected "three wastes" output is unformally high,amd also,the insufficient rate of social and environmental income output is high,while the insufficient rate of economic benefit has been stable at a low level.（2）The urban development efficiency in the Yellow River Basin varies significantly but shows a downward trend of fluctuation year by year.The intra-group difference is absolutely dominant,and the upstream city has the largest difference within the group while the downstream city is the smallest.The kernel density curve reveals that the efficiency value has a certain degree of polarization and non-equilibrium.Spatial distribution characteristics and the evolution characteristics of different partitions are quite different.（3）The global and local Moran indexes show that the positive spatial correlation of urban development efficiency in the Yellow River Basin is significant,and from the LISA cluster diagram,the local spatial correlation characteristics are mostly scattered,small-scale agglomeration and stable maintenance,but there are still "low-low" agglomeration and distribution cities of a certain scale at this stage,The results of exploratory Spatio-temporal data analysis show that the overall change of urban spatial structure in the Yellow River Basin presents a certain structural stability,in which the upper reaches cities are active and the downstream cities are stable.At the same time,the spatial dependence of the upstream cities is the most obvious,indicating that the upstream cities are more vulnerable to neighborhood influence.In addition,the overall urban development efficiency in the Yellow River Basin is becoming more diversified,On the whole,the overall spatial stability of cities in the basin is strong,showing a certain degree of path locking characteristics.（4）The regression results of Tobit model show that almost all of the influencing factors chosen by the model have a significant impact on the urban development efficiency of the Yellow River Basin.Among them,the impact of economic development level on the efficiency value shows a nonlinear trend.What is more,regional heterogeneity shows that there are considerable differences in the influencing factors of urban development efficiency in the upper,middle and lower reaches.（5）The calculation results of the spatial econometric model show that there are significant and negative spatial autocorrelation characteristics in the urban development efficiency of the Yellow River Basin,but it shows a significant level in the subsequent identification and test of the spatial spillover effect of the explanatory variables of the model.However,the test results show that the explanatory power is limited,the results state that a good competitive environment for mutual promotion and development has not been formed among cities in the Yellow River basin to a certain extent,so this link still has the value of providing constructive reference for later policy suggestions.With the conclusions above,this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions:（1）accelerate the overall planning and sustainability of regional cities,and emphasize and stabilize the important role as well as key position of green development in the process of urban development.（2）Adhere to the green development plan of each city in the area according to local conditions,and strengthen the cooperation within the city to better realize the effective and coordinated development of the basin. |
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