| As an important ecological barrier and Economic Zone in China,the Yellow River Basin starts from the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in the West and Bohai Bay in the East.The extensive development mode of high investment and high pollution formed in the Yellow River Basin over the years have caused the destruction of regional ecosystem.Under the guidance of the new development concept,green development has become an optional road for the Yellow River basin to move towards sustainable development.In September2019,the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin has become a major national strategy,which will accelerate the provinces and regions along the line to walk out of the modernization road of ecological priority and green development.Innovation is the first driving force of development.On the basis of traditional innovation,green innovation will bring environmental factors into the innovation process,which will become the first driving force for the high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin and can effectively promote the green development of the Yellow River Basin.It is of great significance to study the efficiency evolution and influencing factors of the Yellow River Basin.Using the super efficiency global reference SBM model and Malmquist index,this paper calculates the green innovation efficiency of 99 cities along the Yellow River Basin from 2006 to 2019.This paper analyzes the heterogeneity of green innovation efficiency from the time and space dimensions of static and dynamic angles using the spatial Gini coefficient.This paper also analyzes the spatial imbalance of the evolution of green innovation efficiency in the Yellow River Basin.Further,using the path analysis model,this paper investigates the direct and indirect impact of five factors on the green innovation efficiency of the Yellow River Basin,such as the level of economic development,the level of new infrastructure construction,the level of education,government support and environmental regulation.And It makes a comparative analysis of the influencing factors from the three dimensions of the upper,middle and lower reaches.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）From the perspective of time dimension,the green innovation efficiency of the Yellow River basin generally increased year by year from 2006 to 2019.Especially after the promulgation of the comprehensive plan in 2013,except for a little slow decline in the middle reaches,the green innovation efficiency of the whole basin and the upstream and downstream have been significantly improved,which indirectly reflects the effectiveness of national policies.（2）According to Malmquist index,the growth rate of green innovation efficiency from high to low is upstream,midstream and downstream.The efficiency improvement of green innovation in the upstream,middle and downstream depends on the joint drive of and technological progress.The upstream and downstream mainly rely on the improvement of technical efficiency and technological progress respectively.The middle reaches mainly rely on technological progress before 2013 and after 2013.（3）In terms of spatial dimension,the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin show great differences,showing a "" shaped distribution feature year by year.By calculating dagum Gini coefficient,it is found that the difference between regions is the main source affecting the overall difference of the Yellow River Basin.（4）Economic development level,education level,new infrastructure construction level and government support have a positive role in promoting the comprehensive effect of green innovation efficiency in the upper,middle and lower reaches,while environmental regulation has a positive role in promoting the middle and lower reaches,and a negative role in the upper reaches.In the upstream region,the economic development level and the improvement of education level have the greatest impact on the efficiency of green innovation;In the middle reaches,the government support and the level of education have the greatest impact on the efficiency of green innovation;For downstream areas,education level and coordinated development with economic level can effectively promote the improvement of green innovation efficiency. |
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