Recovery Potential Estimation Andrecovery System Construction Ofscrapped Ternary Catalyst

The mineral resources of platinum group metals are scarce in China,at the same time,the continuous improvement of automobile exhaust emission standards has increased the demand for platinum group metals,and more and more waste ternary catalysts have begun to be scrapped.Therefore,in the search for the replacement of primary platinum group metals with recycled platinum group metals,waste ternary catalysts in China may be the main source of recycled platinum group metals,but the recovery of ternary catalysts in China is still in a chaotic state.Therefore,it is necessary to estimate the recovery potential of ternary catalysts in China,and to build a recovery system to increase the recovery rate of ternary catalysts and change the current chaotic recovery state.In this paper,the inventory of platinum group metals is calculated by the bottom-up model,and the in-use inventory of catalysts for gasoline and diesel vehicles from 2021 to 2035 is predicted based on different models.On this basis,the recycling production potential and demand of platinum,palladium and rhodium are obtained respectively.The results show that the demand for platinum,palladium and rhodium will be 64 t,109.35 t and 25.16 t respectively by 2035,which far exceeds the proven reserves of platinum group metals in China.Accordingly,the production potential of recycling is 33.85 t,105.51 t and 18.34 t.In the case of increasing the recovery rate,palladium is expected to achieve internal circulation in the industry,while platinum and rhodium still have a serious contradiction between supply and demand.On the basis of proving the great recovery potential of platinum group metals in ternary catalysts in China,and drawing lessons from the recovery experience of developed countries,a PRO with the participation of ternary catalyst manufacturers,recyclers and the government was constructed.Then the constructed PRO organization is introduced into the remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain of ternary catalyst.Using game theory,a decision-making model including large manufacturers joining PRO organization and their Nash equilibrium under decentralized decision-making and centralized decision-making are designed.