Research On The Function Of Soil Conservation And Water Conservation In The Rocky Desertification Area Of Huaying City

The problem of rocky desertification in the karst areas of southern China is serious.The exposed surface and underground seepage form a complex soil erosion mechanism.The ecological restoration of the rocky desertification areas is extremely difficult.This paper takes the Huaying Mountain area in Guang’an City in eastern Sichuan Province as an example to conduct natural rainfall monitoring experiments on typical limestone slopes to explore the influence of vegetation,soil,rainfall,topography and other factors on soil erosion in rocky desertification areas,and to modify the rocky desert in Huaying City.Calculation method of soil erosion in chemical regions;analyze the impact of surface gravel exposure and its spatial distribution on the characteristics of runoff and sediment yield on slopes at the slope scale,use the principle of water balance to calculate the amount of water conservation,quantify the water and sediment reduction effects of surface components,and compare The response effect of water and sand dynamics on the environment;analyze the functions of soil conservation and water conservation on the time and space scale of Huaying City,use the factor weight method to compare the importance of ecological management and restoration,and evaluate and analyze the factors of rocky desertification mountain reconstruction measures providing suggestions and references for the further control of rocky desertification in Huaying City.1.The main influencing factors of runoff and sand production are vegetation coverage and the degree of rock exposure.The cypress woodland in the study area belongs to the moderate rocky desertification slope area.The average soil bulk density is 1.39 g/cm3,the soil water holding capacity is163.03～319.54 g/kg,the single tree species,the intensity of soil erosion,the water conservation capacity is low,and the total output during the study period The flow rate is 183.792 m3,and the sediment yield is 299.43 kg,which is mainly determined by the surface coverage and the degree of rock exposure.The soil conservation function is affected by potential erosion,which shows an opposite trend to the distribution of rocky desertification;2.The rocky desertification area of Huaying City is affected by rainfall and serious soil erosion.The actual soil erosion intensity is 988.96 t/km2·a,the potential soil erosion intensity is 1711.03 t/km2·a,and the soil retention capacity is 722.07 t/km2·a Measure the results of soil erosion based on the topography,rainfall,land type,vegetation and other parameters of Huaying City.The influencing factors are complex and diverse,and the region is vulnerable to erosion and loss.The average annual rainfall in the rocky desertification area of Huaying City is 1004.2 mm.The surface runoff depth is 1.25 mm,the average runoff coefficient is 0.26%,the evapotranspiration intensity is 205.94 m3/a,the water conservation capacity is 927.956 m3/a,and the city’s fluctuation range is 535.386～1250.74 m3/a.It is mainly affected by rainfall and surface permeability.Huaying City The potential rocky desertification coverage area is 44.74%,and the rocky bare soil is reduced,which seriously affects the water conservation capacity;3.Measures such as increasing vegetation coverage,increasing soil fertility and micro-topography can effectively improve the soil conservation and water conservation capabilities of the study area.Comprehensively adopting suitable soil and water conservation measures to control the rocky desertification area of Huaying City will significantly improve soil conservation by 338.55 t/km2·a and increase water conservation capacity by 250.54 m3/a.Taking the slope surface of the study area as an example,with reference to the characteristics of erosion influence factors,artificial tending and replanting bamboo are factors that affect vegetation,increasing by 15.55% and 18.43%,respectively.Soil fertilization is a factor affecting soil,increasing capacity by 12.62%,Local micro-topography reconstruction and runoff regulation are factors affecting topography,increasing by 15.85% and 21.54%respectively.It is recommended to adopt comprehensive treatment measures to comprehensively and effectively improve the soil erosion environment.