Study On Emissions And Cost Of Reduction Of Multi-pollutants And CO₂ From Cement Industry In China

In recent years,the cement industry had a large energy consumption.According to energy consumption statistics,the cement industry energy consumption has always been maintained at300 million tons of standard coal,accounting for more than 6%of the total national consumption.This large amount of energy consumption has caused increasingly serious pollution problems.The research of pollutant emissions and abatement costs is important for implementing air pollution control policies,improving air pollution status and reducing carbon emissions.It is in this context,this study adopts a"bottom-up"inventory approach to study the emission characteristics of the cement industry,and measures the emissions of PM,SO₂,NOx and CO₂ in 2018,predicts the emission trends and abatement potential through scenario setting,and provides a cost analysis.The cost analysis of technologies was conducted to obtain the most economical path to reduce emissions,the main contents are as follows.（1）A database of activity levels and a database of sulphur,nitrate and dust and CO₂ emission factors for the cement industry in China was established through literature review,national statistics and industry data.Base on which,the PM emission from the cement general emission outlets was considered,the fuel sulphur impact was considered and SO₂ emission factors were corrected.The emission inventory includes three conventional pollutants,namely PM,SO₂ and NOx,and CO₂,whose total emissions are 813,300 tons,285,500 tons,965,400 tons and125,788,100 tons respectively.（2）By reviewing the literature and combining the average cement consumption data of developed countries,a reasonable forecast of China’s future cement products and industrial structure was conducted.Baseline,moderate and tightened emission control scenarios were set,on which the future emission trends and the emission reduction potential were predicted.For the M2 scenario,emissions of PM,SO₂ and NOx in 2030 and 2040 are 274,000 tons and 46,000 tons,82,000 tons and 20,000 tons,365,000 tons and 241,000 tons,respectively.Control scenario differences lead to better emission reductions than changes in cement production,especially for PM and SO₂.CO₂ emissions in 2030 and 2050 are 592 million tons and 437 million tons,cement production variation has a more significant reduction effect for CO₂.The after-treatment control scenario has greater emission reduction potential than other scenarios,with emissions of PM,SO₂,NOx and CO₂ reduced by 79%,85%,50%and 50%respectively.（3）Based on the research of emission reduction models in various industries at home and abroad,this chapter constructs a model of energy saving and emission reduction benefits in the cement industry,and also constructs a comprehensive emission reduction equivalent index AP_eqfor the cement industry including PM,SO₂,NOx and CO₂ to describe the multi-emissions synergistic emission reduction potential brought by the technology.The reduction potential of raw material substitution for SO₂ and NOx is higher,with the reduction potential of the link reaching54%and 57%respectively;the reduction potential of reduction for PM and CO₂ is higher,reaching 47%and 58%,indicating that CO₂capture for emission reduction will be the main means of emission reduction in the future.The emission reduction supply curve of APeq was constructed for various types of emissions and comprehensive emission indicators in the cement industry.When considering the comprehensive emission reduction of multiple emissions,there is an optimal path to reduce emissions.