Research On Flight Fatigue And Risk Management

Since the reform and opening up,especially after China’s accession to the WTO,China’s civil aviation industry has made remarkable development.However,due to the shortage of pilot resources and frequent flight delays,the workload of front-line flight personnel is increased,and fatigue is doubled,which has a serious impact on aviation safety.In recent years,the academic research on flight fatigue mainly focuses on the physiological fatigue factors of pilots.In the process of flight production,the psychological factors and family relationship factors of pilots lead to the aggravation of mental stress,which is also an important reason for fatigue.There are relatively few researches on these two factors.Therefore,it is necessary to further explore the causes of pilot fatigue.This study adopts the grounded theory research method,selects five groups of people as the research objects of grounded theory,including flight cadres,flight instructors,single aircraft commander,CO pilot,and class attendants.Through semi-structured interview,field survey,literature search and other ways to obtain research data,a database of more than 50000 words has been formed.Secondly,the interview records are sorted out and marked to form open coding,selective coding and spindle coding.252 tags,16 concepts,9 main categories and 4 core categories were extracted to form the pilot fatigue cause model.Then,through case analysis,the model is further elaborated,and combined with the actual production of airlines,16 suggestions on fatigue risk control are put forward.Through the analysis of pilots’ working characteristics,this study draws two conclusions.(1)The main causes of pilots’ fatigue come from four aspects,among which "insufficient energy storage","increased energy consumption" and "insufficient energy recovery" affect pilots’ behavior before,during and after flight execution,while "high mental pressure" runs through all stages as invisible factors,leading to the deepening of pilots’ fatigue.These four factors together lead to the fatigue of civil aviation front-line pilots.(2)For pilots of different technical levels and ages,the main causes of fatigue are also different.For the co pilot,the proportion of turning pressure to fatigue causes is much larger than family burden and ground administrative work.For the middle-aged captain or teacher,on the contrary,taking care of children and the elderly and family chores often take up a lot of rest time,which makes it difficult to fully recover energy,while the pressure of turning up is less.For the elderly pilots or teachers,their physical health is the main cause of fatigue.They are not as good as the young people in the "energy storage" and "energy recovery" stages before and after the flight.Finally,this paper puts forward 10 suggestions from the perspective of enterprises,combining with the actual production of airlines.(1)Arrange flights according to the physiological rhythm of human body;(2)increase the robustness of flight plan;(3)reduce the flight crew’s standby time on the plane when large-scale flight delays or flow control;(4)arrange the senior co pilots on the flight of the flight of the flight that is prone to fatigue or the fatigue prone personnel(such as the captain over 55 years old),and match with the third crew member;(5)In the arrangement of special airports and complex routes(such as short and narrow run,Plateau Airport,complex climate airport,etc.),personnel with high technical level and excellent flight technology shall be designated for implementation;(6)during flight operation,the safety department shall fully perform the supervision responsibilities(7)establish pilot fatigue active reporting channel;(8)improve the sleep environment of hotel;(9)Reduce the frequent administrative tasks of pilots;(10)when making policies,the balance of the system should be considered.In addition,the study also puts forward six suggestions from the perspective of individuals: 1)adequate sleep should be guaranteed;(2)rest in scattered time;(3)other time periods except work and sleep should be reasonably arranged;(4)scientific and reasonable diet;(5)learning emotional adjustment strategies;(6)communicating with family members to eliminate negative emotions...