| As the main facilities for offshore oil and gas development,the offshore platforms are far away from the land,equipment and personnel are highly concentrated.Due to the existences of a large number of flammable and explosive substances and petroleum storage devices,the offshore platforms are prone to fire accidents with high probability.How to choose a safe and effective emergency evacuation route in a complex and volatile fire environment is an important guarantee for reducing casualties.The current emergency evacuation route-planning methods are mostly static path-finding methods,and it is difficult to dynamically adjust the emergency evacuation plan according to the fire smoke spread situation,which led to the blindness and hysteresis in emergency evacuation decision-making.Therefore,it is of great significance to carry out relevant research in order to improve China’s marine oil and gas emergency technology level.This paper takes the emergency evacuation of offshore platforms under fire scenarios as the research object,combines the independent innovation project of Central Universities(17CX02062)and the key research and development project of Shandong Province,"Dynamic Risk Assessment and Decision-Making for Fire Evacuation on Offshore Platform Considering the Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Fire"(2018GSF120021),and carries out the research on optimization and application of emergency evacuati on path under offshore platforms fire scenarios.The main contents of this research are as follows:(1)Research on road network modeling technology of offshore platformResearch on GIS technology related to road network construction,such as GIS data organization and management,GIS data collection,road network modeling technology,and GIS development related technology,etc.,Based on the above research and combined with engineering data,it establishes and manages the digital model of offshore platform road network under ArcGIS environment.(2)Numerical simulation of fire on offshore platformsBased on FDS fire dynamics simulation software,the fire simulation model of offshore platform is established,and the fire of offshore platform under typical conditions is simulated.Based on the FDS simulation results,the fire field factors such as temperature,visibility,thermal radiation and smoke layer height are analyzed,and the impact of these factors on emergency evacuation is analyzed.(3)Research on emergency evacuation path optimization algorithm considering fire impactIn view of the shortcomings of the basic ant colony algorithm in the application of emergency evacuation path optimization in fire scenarios,this paper improves the ant colony algorithm based on the inherent characteristics of the road network of offshore platforms,fire characteristics of offshore platforms and fire smoke information,and designs an emergency evacuation path optimization algorithm which can consider the real-time impact of fire.(4)Research on emergency evacuation command system of offshore platform fire scenariosAccording to the fire emergency response process of offshore platforms,the function modules of the emergency evacuation command system are designed in detail.Based on the design of functional modules,a prototype of marine platform fire emergency evacuation command system is implemented by using ArcGIS Engine and VS2010.Based on the ocean platform road network model,FDS fire smoke data and improved emergency evacuation route optimization algorithm,the emergency evacuation command module under fire scenarios is realized.The simulation results show that the system can dynamically adjust the emergency evacuation path according to the fire situation,and provide effective support for emergency evacuation command decision-making. |
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