Research On The Evolution Of Eco-environmental Service Quality And The Effect Of Policy Regulation In Northeast China

The ecological environment is the foundation of the survival and development of human society.The rapid development of cities promotes social and economic development,however,it accelerates the depletion of limited resources and puts the ecological environment under tremendous pressure.At present,China is facing serious environmental pollution problems,such as low effective utilization of resources and so on,which restrict the social and economic development forward.With the implementation of national and local policies and the gradual strengthening of environmental protection awareness,people choose to use and protect the nature rationally and friendly instead of disorderly development and extensive utilization.The idea of harmonious coexistence with nature has become a consensus of mankind,and the harmonious coexistence as well as common development with mountains,water,forests,fields,lakes and grass is the advisable judgment and inevitable choice for the continuation of human civilization.The Northeast China is an important ecological barrier area in our country related to the national ecological security.With the official implementation of the revitalization strategy of the old industrial bases in Northeast China,it has embraced a new golden period of reform and development,however,the high pollution and high energy-consuming industries still play an important role in the economic system.The emission of waste water,gas and residue endangers human health,poses a certain threat and challenge to the ecological environment.At present,there is an urgent need to make a scientific and objective evaluation of ecological environment service quality in Northeast China,in order to promote the improvement of the ecological environment quality.This paper attempts to evaluate the eco-environmental service quality in Northeast China,supporting by data sets such as the automatic water quality monitoring weekly reports,land use,PM_2.5 annual average concentration,and normalized difference vegetation index from 2005 to 2018.This paper quantifies the eco-environmental service quality index of 182 counties in Northeast China,and summarizes the basic characteristics of the spatial-temporal evolution using GIS spatial analysis tools and mathematical statistical methods.Meanwhile,this paper discusses the effect of policy regulation combined with the implementation of national strategy and regional planning.Finally,in view of the possible problems and risks,this paper puts forward some optimization suggestions,in order to provide suggestions for the policy-making of ecological environment in Northeast China.The research is divided into five chapters:Chapter 1 is the introduction.It mainly introduces the research background and significance,puts forward the research objectives and contents,defines the relevant concepts and combs the basic theories supporting the paper,reviews the development process of ecological environment research,summarizes the research contents,evaluation methods and influencing factors,and finally clarifies the research framework and technical route of the paper.Chapter 2 is the research proposal.This part describes the basic situation of the study area,explains the source and detailed processing process of the data used in the research,constructs a comprehensive index system of eco-environmental service quality based on the factual data,and states the research methods.Chapter 3 is the analysis of the spatial-temporal evolution of eco-environment service quality index of 182 counties in Northeast China.This part firstly describes the overall change of the comprehensive index of eco-environmental service quality in Northeast China,and ranks the evaluation results of 182 counties.Then,it analyzes the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of sub eco-environmental service quality indexes and internal factors from the four dimensions of water,land,atmosphere and vegetation,and finally summarizes their basic rules.Chapter 4 is the analysis of the regulation effect and optimization suggestions of ecological environment policy in Northeast China.Firstly,this part systematically combs the relevant policies of ecological environment in China.Secondly,taking the national important events timeline,the Northeast Revitalization timeline and important meetings as the axis,combined with the implementation of the national strategy and regional planning in Northeast China,it analyzes the focus and changes in each stage.Finally,it discusses the linkage relationship between the evaluation results and policy support,and proposes optimization suggestions to provide theoretical and empirical experience for the follow-up work.Chapter 5 is the conclusion and discussion.This part summarizes the main conclusions,innovations and shortcomings of the paper,and proposes research prospects.The main results of the research are as follows:（1）Firstly,the overall comprehensive index of eco-environmental service quality in Northeast China shows a tendency of declining at first and then rising up later with an overall slight decrease from 2005 to 2018.The spatial pattern shows that the north is higher than the south,the east is higher than the west,and the edge and coastal areas are higher than the inland areas.The area in high-value eco-environmental service quality unfolds around the continuous belt of the Xiaoxing’an Mountains-Changbai Mountains.The mid-western region is formed as a low-value area,as well as the eastern region is formed as a medium-value area,showing the characteristics of the expanding of the low-value area to the northeast and the moving of the medium-value and high-value areas to the east.（2）Secondly,the eco-environmental service quality index of counties in Northeast China shows the characteristics of the north being higher than the south and decreasing from north to south.The counties with the highest values are all in Jilin Province while the lowest are all in Liaoning Province,with the largest difference in eco-environmental service quality index among counties in Liaoning Province as well.（3）Thirdly,the water quality index shows a trend to increase first and then decrease with an overall slight decrease from 2005 to 2018.The area in high-value is concentrated in the southeast coastal and riverine areas,and the water quality index is lower in the mid-western region.The land use ecological quality index shows an overall increase,with characteristics of higher in the east and lower in the west,and higher in areas along the coast and border than inland areas.Atmospheric quality index first fell and then rose,with an overall decline,showing the characteristics of decreasing from the north and northeast to the southwest,the number of counties with high atmospheric quality first fell and then rose,and atmospheric quality has declined in most counties.The NDVI shows an increasing trend,with the north being higher than the south and the east higher than the west.（4）Last but not least,the policies of water,air and soil pollution prevention and control have gradually been perfected in the process of promoting the strategy of Revitalization of the Northeast,the objectives and tasks of each stage are in step with relevant national policies in response to the changes of the Northeast Phenomenon in different stages.There is a further improvement in the number of policies and their implementation,as well as an overall convergence in the comparison of policy implementation and research results.