Problems And Countermeasures Of Municipal Solid Waste Classification In Shanghai

Since the beginning of this century,China’s population base is large,the urbanization rate is increasing year by year,people’s living standards are improving day by day,and the rise of the Internet has given birth to a new network consumption mode,China’s "garbage siege" phenomenon has initially appeared.The compulsory classification of domestic waste in China has just started,and the implementation time is short.Before,the effect of waste classification in "pilot cities" was general.Garbage classification is related to the national economy and people’s livelihood.On the surface,it is a problem of public garbage classification consciousness.Fundamentally speaking,it is a problem of system and industrial chain.Therefore,the research perspective should not only be put on the early stage of classification and delivery,but the domestic garbage classification should be a closed-loop operation system of the whole process of classification.In urban public management,the problem of domestic waste classification can not be reasonably solved,which not only affects the urban ecological environment,but also affects people’s life and health and daily life.This paper takes Shanghai as the research object,from the perspective of the whole process of domestic waste classification,comprehensively uses the methods of literature analysis,case study and comparative study,and deeply discusses the optimization path of urban domestic waste classification management.This paper consists of four parts.The first part defines the related concepts of municipal solid waste and its classification,introduces the theory of circular economy and the theory of ecological protection,and explains the application of the theoretical methods in this paper.In the second part,the status of municipal solid waste classification in Shanghai is analyzed.Starting from the generation and treatment of domestic waste in Shanghai,this paper combs the process of waste classification in recent years,expounds the main contents of domestic waste classification in Shanghai from the aspects of classification objectives,principles,basis,process and specific measures,and presents the implementation effect of compulsory waste classification up to now in the form of figures and tables.In the third part,based on the current implementation status of waste classification management,the problems existing in the current classification management of urban domestic waste in Shanghai are summarized,including the non-standard source classification,some regulatory measures exist in name only,the high cost of comprehensive treatment,the low level of classification and recycling,and the difficulty of normalization.In view of the above problems,the author analyzes the causes from four aspects: system design,supervision system,whole process classification industry chain technology and public classification awareness,mainly including imperfect classification system design,imperfect supervision system,backward whole process classification collection and disposal technology,and insufficient public waste classification awareness.The fourth part,combined with the practical experience of foreign mainstream cities in urban domestic waste classification,puts forward five countermeasures and suggestions matching with the above problems and the reasons.From the perspective of the closed-loop system of waste classification management in the whole process,it is proposed that the construction of waste classification industry chain should be strengthened,and the market-oriented operation mode should be integrated into the whole process of waste classification,so as to promote the transformation of domestic waste classification management mode from the extensive management mode of "tangible without spirit" to the refined management mode of "both form and spirit",which is also the innovation of this paper.At present,China has invested a lot of manpower and material resources in waste classification,and has made some achievements,but the effect is limited.It is hoped that in the process of fine transformation of urban domestic waste classification in China,this paper can provide useful reference for scholars and managers in the field of domestic waste classification in the future.