The Measurement Of Eco-efficiency Of Cruise Tourism And Its Influencing Factors

In recent years,with the sustained and rapid development of cruise economy,cruise industry has become one of the most promising industries in the world and one of the driving forces to promote the development of global regional economy.Over the past decade,the scale of demand for cruise tourism has been expanding,and the demand for global cruise tourism consumer market has maintained a high growth level.According to the statistics of Cruise Lines International Association,the number of tourists in the global cruise market increased from 13.14 million to 25.8 million in 2004-2017,an increase of 96%.Due to the rapid growth of cruise tourism,the transnational nature of cruise companies,the international nature of route operation and the global liquidity of marine ecosystem,the negative effects of cruise tourism on the environment are constantly highlighted,so the ecological problems of cruise tourism are becoming more and more serious.Therefore,the impact of cruise tourism on the environment has been widely concerned by scholars,the public and society.How to reduce the impact of cruise tourism on the ecological environment and realize the sustainable development of cruise industry has become a hot issue in the industry and academia.Based on the above background,this thesis takes cruise tourism as the research object,introduces the index of ecological efficiency,evaluates its sustainable development status by comparing the environmental load and economic benefits of cruise tourism,explores the green development path of cruise tourism,and enhances the tourism ecology efficiency to achieve ecological environmental protection and sustainable development of cruise tourism.This paper uses data envelopment analysis to study the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism.The paper selects 13 major port cities in the world,including Shanghai,Tianjin,Miami,Barcelona,and so on.Based on the cross-sectional data of the eight years from 2010 to 2017,using the SBM-DEA model based on the unexpected output and Malmquist index,the paper studies the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism in 13 port cities from the static and dynamic perspectives.Based on this,the Tobit regression model is further used to analyze the specific influencing factors of eco-efficiency of cruise tourism.The results show that:(1)on the whole,the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism in the 13 port cities studied is not high,only the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism in Barcelona has reached an effective state during the research period,and the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism in other cities is at different levels of inefficiency,and the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism in domestic and foreign cities and different cities is different;(2)from the perspective of Malmquist index changes of 13 famous port cities in the world,the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism increased from 2014-2017 and 2010-2011,and decreased from 2011-2012 and 2013-2014.(3)In the eight years of 2010-2017,the changes in the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism and the changes in the pure technical efficiency of cruise tourism are less than 1.Through the decomposition of the changes in the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism,it can be found that the main reason for the reduction of the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism in the port city in the past eight years is the change in the pure technical efficiency of cruise tourism in the port city,and the pure technology efficiency change mean value of cruise tourism in the port city in the past eight years is less than 1,which indicates that there are problems in the management of cruise tourism in the city in the past eight years.The management of cruise tourism in the city has not been well coordinated with the technological innovation of the city,and restricts the development of cruise tourism.(4)the main factors affecting the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism include the basic conditions of cruise ports,the economic development of hinterland and environmental policies.In the future,cities should strengthen regional synergy,give full play to regional advantages,optimize and improve the ecological efficiency of cruise tourism by improving the economic development of hinterland,strengthening cruise environmental protection policies,improving the basic conditions of cruise ports and other measures.