| Atmospheric fine particulate matter(PM2.5)is one of the primary pollutant in China.It causes severe damage in social economy,public health and ecological environment.Source apportionment(SA)of ambient particles aims to study their source qualitatively and quantitatively,which helps the direction adjustment for the economic development and the policies making for the environmental governance.Besides,SA plays an important role in identifying which sources caused health loss when studying the health effects associated with particulate matter.Source profiles are important-basic data for SA.They can characterize the pollution sources and reflect the features of regional pollution emissions,which makes source profiles essential for the source apportionment as well as the prevention and control of ambient air pollution.The focus of China’s PM2.5 pollution prevention and control is gradually shifting to the refined work in small-scale areas.Industrial areas with densely distributed pollutant emissions have drawn the main attention for air pollution prevention and control.This study took an industrial port area with densely distributed pollutant emissions in Zhejiang as the research region.The study of characteristics of the pollution sources,the source apportionment and the improvement of the model were carried in this small-scale region.The contents of this research are listed below:1.The ambient PM2.5 were sampled at three sampling sites in four seasons.19 inorganic elements,9 water-soluble ions and 3 carbonaceous species were analyzed for each sample.Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of each component and PM2.5 concentrations were studied.SPSS was used to obtain correlation coefficient matrix for the research of the relationship between the components.Pollution source identification technology was used to identify the main PM2.5 emission sources in the area.Localized source profiles were established based on the characteristics of the sampled emission sources,which included road dust,soil dust,city fugitive dust,construction dust,coal burning dust,petrochemical process dust,woodworking process dust.These profiles were essential for the completeness of the database in the area.Besides,some other source profiles from literature and existed source profile database were added for a more detailed localized source profiles,including gasoline vehicle,low duty diesel vehicle,high duty diesel vehicle,sea salt,ammonium nitrate,ammonium sulfate,ammonium chloride and ship emissions.2.Chemical mass balance(CMB)model was used for source apportionment based on localized source profiles and the characteristics of PM2.5 in the ambient air at all three sites in four seasons.The results reflected the characteristics of the industry in this port area.There were some seasonal differences in the results but all of them showed that secondary aerosol(secondary inorganic aerosol and secondary organic aerosol included)and diesel vehicle were the main sources for PM2.5.Their contributions were 38.39%,29.01%respectively.The uncertainty analysis showed the simulation results were basically reasonable.3.Apart from that lots of human resources were required during the traditional CMB simulation,the number of obtained results was limited.This research used exhaustive algorithm for a novel CMB model which was referred as automatic chemical mass balance model(ACMB).It not only saved human resources but also were capable of obtaining all the reasonable results for CMB simulation.Engineering evaluation for all the ACMB results was firstly carried.The best fit measure(FM)was then calculated to sort the remaining results.Since there was no further information,the best fit results were obtained under this certain circumstance.The results showed that the dominant sources in the research area were secondary inorganic aerosol,high duty diesel vehicle and fugitive dust.Their contributions were 31.87%,29.34%and 16.04%respectively.Lastly,more targeted advice was offered based on the more suitable source apportion results. |
PDF Full Text Request