| Heilongjiang Province,as China’s animal husbandry province,is an important grain reserve warehouse in China,the output value of animal husbandry in 2019 accounted for 5.34 percent of the country’s total livestock output value,ranking fifth in the national output value.Heilongjiang Provincial Committee,the provincial government to "two cattle and one pig" as the policy-oriented implementation of standardized scale breeding projects.In the same year,the implementation plan of precision poverty alleviation in animal husbandry industry was formulated to form cluster and radiation effects and speed up the construction of modern animal husbandry.China’s policy on animal husbandry development has also changed from an incremental production-oriented policy to a quality-oriented policy supported by green agriculture in pursuit of efficiency and quality.However,at present,most of the breeding methods of animal husbandry in Heilongjiang Province are extensive,resulting in the discharge of exhaust gases,animal carcasses and other pollutants caused inevitable damage to the environment,and even seriously affected the sustainable development of animal husbandry.Under the background of ecological civilization,this paper is based on the theory of ecological economy,sustainable development theory,circular economy theory and externality theory,and refers to the concepts of agricultural ecological efficiency and forestry ecological efficiency,with the aim of expanding the research scope of ecological efficiency to animal husbandry and defining the concept of animal husbandry ecological efficiency.From the current situation of development,the development of animal husbandry in Heilongjiang Province is still in the extensive economic growth model,livestock and poultry pollution prevention and control policy has been basically established,the phenomenon of concentration has basically formed,but the excessive consumption of resources,urbanization process accelerated,herdsmen’s ecological awareness is weak and backward scientific and technological level of animal husbandry ecological efficiency has a reverse effect.In this paper,from the point of view of multi-input and multi-output,the expected output and non-expected output of animal husbandry make up for the lack of evaluation of a single index.Based on the ecological efficiency evaluation system,the ecological efficiency of animal husbandry in Heilongjiang Province and all kinds of livestock and poultry is measured by constructing the packet network model(SBM model).The evaluation results show that the overall development of animal husbandry in Heilongjiang Province is in moderate ecological efficiency,and in the past ten years,it shows the trend of "up-down-up-down".Although all kinds of livestock and poultry industry is in different ecological efficiency range,but generally shows the trend of wave change,among them:pig industry is in a low ecological efficiency,beef cattle industry,lamb industry and egg and chicken industry in excellent ecological efficiency,although the broiler industry is in the medium ecological efficiency but there is a trend to increase pollution.Finally,according to the current situation of animal husbandry development and environmental assessment model results in Heilongjiang Province,from the improvement of environmental regulation,improve the disciplinary mechanism,improve the regulatory system,the implementation of environmental protection technology,the introduction of good seed technology,improve ecological awareness,joint production of agriculture and animal husbandry and in situ decomposition and utilization of eight points to improve the ecological efficiency of animal husbandry in Heilongjiang Province,to promote the sustainable development of animal husbandry countermeasures. |
