Research On The Impact Of Environmental Regulations On Employment Structure

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economic development has mainly relied on the development of industrial industries with high pollution and high energy consumption.This extensive economic growth mode has brought rapid economic growth and severely damaged the ecological environment.Turning to the stage of high-quality development,the problem of environmental pollution has become the bottleneck of sustainable economic and social development and the obvious shortcoming of building a well-off society in an all-round way.In this regard,the government has issued a series of policy measures for environmental regulation,and environmental regulation has improved the quality of the environment while also affecting labor employment.In this regard,the party put forward the strategic goals of"accelerating the improvement of the ecological environment" and "implementing the employment priority strategy" in the "13th Five-Year Plan".Under the new normal of China’s economic development,how to realize the "double dividend" of environmental protection and full employment "It is the focus and difficulty of our country’s economic development.The relationship between environmental regulation and employment has attracted extensive attention from society and academia.Through combing the existing research,it is found that most scholars tend to focus on studying the impact of environmental regulation on the number of employment,but on the level of employment structure.Lack of attention,but the research focused on the scale of employment cannot effectively solve the problem of employment in society.The problem in China’s labor force employment structure is more serious.At the same time,considering the different effects of environmental regulations on employment structure in different regions and the cross-regional flow of labor,the spatial spillover effect of environmental regulations on employment structure is also a hot issue in current research.First of all,this article starts from two aspects of employment scale and employment structure to review the relevant literature on environmental regulation affecting employment,and analyzes the research status and existing deficiencies of relevant literature.Secondly,using the CES production function to derive the mathematical model of environmental regulation affecting employment structure,and based on literature review and theoretical research,deduced the mechanism,pointedout that environmental regulation has two effects of direct and indirect effects on the employment structure,and put forward two conjectures: The direct effect of environmental regulation promotes the skill structure,industrial structure,and sectoral structure of employment.Environmental regulation can promote the reconfiguration of labor between industries and optimize the employment structure,thereby helping local governments to achieve environmental protection and A double dividend for the advancement of the employment structure;The environmental regulations in this region will affect the employment structure in other regions through the space spillover effect.Finally,this paper builds a spatial econometric model based on inter-provincial panel data for empirical analysis,studies the impact of environmental regulations on the employment skill structure,employment industrial structure,and employment sectoral structure and whether there is a spatial spillover effect,and proposes the corresponding based on the research conclusion Policy recommendations.The main conclusions drawn in this paper are as follows:(1)There are consistent strategic interactions among regional governments,and local governments often adopt a "top-to-top competition" strategy when formulating environmental regulation policies;(2)Environmental regulation can effectively promote the employment skill structure of the region is optimized and upgraded,and the spatial spillover effect of environmental regulation on the employment skill structure is significantly positive;(3)The direct effect and spatial spillover effect of environmental regulation on the employment industrial structure are both negative,that is,the region and neighboring The improvement of the regional environmental regulation level will promote the development of the employment industry structure in the region;(4)Environmental regulation can effectively promote the optimization and upgrading of the employment sectoral structure,but the improvement of environmental regulations in the neighboring areas will hinder the regional employment sectoral structure.Changes in the direction of high technology.This article proposes the following policy recommendations based on the research results:(1)Formulate comprehensive evaluation indicators for environmental regulation and strengthen the implementation of policy supervision;(2)Encourage clean technology innovation and strengthen joint technology development;(3)To strengthen skills training and employment guidance,improve the comprehensive quality of workers;(4)Strengthen regional interaction and exchanges to achieve jointgovernment pollution control across regions;(5)Actively guide foreign capital to enter and realize regional joint development.