| With the rapid development of China’s agriculture,the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution is also very prominent.The main sources of agricultural non-point source pollution in China include livestock and poultry aquaculture,fertilizers,pesticides,crop straws and used plastic film,etc.The water eutrophication caused by this is a serious problem,red tide and green tide occur from time to time.It is urgent to fight the battle against agricultural non-point source pollution,accelerate the construction of ecological civilization,and take the lead in solving the problem of agricultural non-point source pollution in important water sources and environmentally sensitive areas.Yuxi city,Yunnan province,is located in the hinterland of central Yunnan.There are Fuxian lake,Xingyun lake and Qilu lake,which are faulted lakes in the plateau(hereinafter referred to as "Three lakes" basin).The farmers in the "Three lakes" basin have a strong dependence on the land,the pollution sources are many and wide,the pollution load is large,the agricultural non-point source pollution is prominent,and the lake water pollution is serious.Therefore,this research puts forward the concept of environmentally friendly agricultural fertilization model,and advocates to prevent and control agricultural non-point source pollution by changing the agricultural fertilization model in the Sanhu river basin of Yuxi city,so as to reduce agricultural non-point source pollution,reduce eutrophication of water body and improve the ecological environment of water body.Cording to the geographical characteristics of the three lakes basin,cabbage and corn were selected for planting experiment,marketing experiment,social investigation and comprehensive evaluation under six different fertilization modes.The results show that:(1)When planting cabbage,the biological and economic yields of the "marsh fertilizer + fertilizer" model were the highest,accounting for 20% and 21% of the total yield of the cabbage harvest respectively.The least nitrogen loss was the "marsh fertilizer + biochar" model.The whole marsh fertilizer model is the most profitablewhen selling,which is 468% of the fertilizer model.(2)When planting corn,the biological and economic yield of the "marsh fertilizer+ biochar" model was the highest,and the nitrogen loss was the least,61.24% less than that of the fertilizer model.When selling,the profit of "marsh fertilizer +biochar" model is the largest,which is 598.02% that of the blank model.The profit of whole marsh fertilizer model and "marsh fertilizer + fertilizer" model is only the second,which is 493.39% and 390.81% that of the blank model.(3)In this paper,the three models of whole marsh fertilizer,"marsh fertilizer +biochar" and "marsh fertilizer + fertilizer",which were selected after planting of cabbage and corn,were investigated in the Sanhu basin.Social investigation was carried out on such farmers,specialized farmer cooperatives,agricultural enterprises and other personnel engaged in agricultural production activities.A total of 300 questionnaires were issued and 287 were returned,of which 243 were valid.The results showed that 78.42% of farmers were willing to change the fertilization method to protect the watershed environment,55.84% of consumers are willing to continue to pay attention to the development of environmentally friendly agricultural fertilization model,and are willing to buy environmentally friendly agricultural products that can guarantee their health and food safety.In the online sales,22.67% of consumers have followed corn planting experiments and are willing to pay for safe and environmentally friendly products,and 81% of consumers are satisfied with environmentally friendly agricultural products.(4)Two-season planting of cabbage and corn was evaluated.The results show that the three fertilization modes of total marsh fertilizer,"marsh fertilizer + biochar" and "marsh fertilizer + fertilizer" have some merits in protecting the environment of the basin,ensuring crop yield,reducing production cost and increasing farmers’ income,which are in line with the definition of environmentally friendly agricultural fertilization mode in the Sanhu basin.(5)The above three models are promoted in different levels and regions.The promotion includes: 1.Publicity phase.The environmental friendly agricultural fertilization mode was publicized and popularized through the multimedia platform.2 Demonstration training phase.According to the regional promotion plan of "Threelakes" basin and the location of the in-situ monitoring site in Yuxi city,a two-year training demonstration plan was developed.3 Late service stage.The farmers in the "Three lakes" basin should be restrained reasonably,a good market atmosphere should be created,and a two-way agricultural information platform suitable for agricultural practitioners and consumers should be established.Through the joint efforts of many departments in Yuxi city to improve the organizational structure and management mechanism,give full play to the guiding and supporting role of the government,actively introduce talents,and encourage the development of a new model of agricultural e-commerce,which in late service stage. |
