| In this paper,the two-tier sustainable supply chain system consisting of two manufacturers and two retailers,considering that manufacturers have corporate social responsibility(CSR)attributes,establish vertical,horizontal cooperation,horizontal and vertical cooperation three models of supply chain decision-making models,analysis of different decision models on supply chain carbon reduction rate,social responsibility performance,Optimal decision-making on retail prices and supply chain profits.First of all,the pricing and emission reduction decision of sustainable supply chain under vertical cooperation model is studied.The supply chain decision models under decentralized decision and centralized decision are constructed and solved respectively.in the decentralized decision supply chain,retailers and manufacturers aim to maximize their own profits.In the centralized decision supply chain,retailers and manufacturers aim to maximize the total profit of the whole supply chain,the DD model,ID model and II model were constructed respectively,and through the analysis of the model,it is found that vertical cooperation increases the carbon emission reduction rate and social responsibility performance,and decreases the retail price.Secondly,the pricing and emission reduction decision of sustainable supply chain under horizontal cooperation model are studied.Under the horizontal cooperation model,first,the two manufacturers determine the optimal carbon emission reduction rate and wholesale price,and then retailers determine their retail price according to the manufacturer.Through the construction and solution of the HC model,the results show that horizontal cooperation reduces retailers’ profits and damages consumer welfare.Finally,the pricing and emission reduction decision of sustainable supply chain under horizontal and vertical cooperation model are studied.In order to avoid horizontal cooperation between manufacturers and increase the overall income of supply chain,the low-carbon subsidy model and income sharing model under horizontal cooperation are constructed and solved.The results show that the horizontal and vertical cooperation model effectively improves the carbon emission reduction rate and social responsibility performance,and realizes the win-win situation between manufacturers and retailers.When the low-carbon subsidy rate and income sharing coefficient are within a certain threshold range,the total profit of the supply chain under the horizontal and vertical cooperation mode is the largest. |
