Development Of Polylactic Acid Home Textiles And Research On Dyeing Technology

Polylactic acid(PLA)is made of lactic acid,a natural sugar fermentation product,as a monomer through direct polycondensation or dimerization followed by ring-opening polymerization to make polylactic acid resin chips,and then melt spinning to prepare polylactic acid fibers.The chemical structure of polylactic acid fiber belongs to aliphatic polyester fiber,which has the characteristics of natural biodegradability and excellent biocompatibility,good physical and mechanical properties,and low processing energy consumption.It has important application prospects.This topic is mainly aimed at the problems existing in the actual production of PLA fibers,and the basic properties of PLA filaments,the weaving process of PLA filament fabrics,and the influence of dyeing and finishing process parameters on the dyeing properties of PLA fabrics are carried out.The research was carried out,and the properties of the trial-produced PLA fabrics were compared and analyzed.Studies have shown that the melting temperature of polylactic acid fiber is lower(165?),and the resistance to dry and wet heat and acid and alkali resistance of polylactic acid fiber is weaker than that of polyester fiber.The breaking strength loss rate of filaments increased significantly;the mechanical properties of polylactic acid filaments were greatly damaged under the treatment of strong alkaline solution with p H value ?12.Through repeated on-machine debugging,it was finally determined that a small stretch should be used for the weaving of PLA filament fabrics.On the premise of ensuring smooth on-machine,the on-machine process of reducing the warp on-machine tension as much as possible was used for weaving,in order to improve the PLA fabric's quality.The efficiency of the machine can be used for sizing the warp.The sizing process parameters can be: polyvinyl alcohol(75%)as the main slurry,polyacrylate(25%)as the auxiliary slurry,and the temperature of the slurry tank is 95 ?.The temperature of the drying room is 85°C,the p H value of the slurry is neutral,and the speed of the sizing machine is 45m/min for light sizing.Under this parameter,the on-machine efficiency of polylactic acid filament fabric is improved,and the loom efficiency is increased from 56% to 82.6%.The influence of dyeing temperature,dyeing time,p H value of dyeing bath,amount of leveling agent and bath ratio on the K/S value of color depth of polylactic acid fabrics was analyzed by designing orthogonal experiments.Influence of dye uptake and color depth and other physical properties of polylactic acid fabrics.The results show that the dyeing temperature has the greatest influence on the dyeing depth of PLA fabrics.The optimal process parameters for dyeing PLA filament fabrics are as follows: dyeing temperature 105?,dyeing time 60 min,p H value 5?6,liquor ratio 1:20,dyeing auxiliaries 1.5?2g/L.Under this process,the color of polylactic acid filament fabric is deeply saturated,the fabric has good air permeability,and the fabric strength and hand feel can meet the requirements of home textile products and clothing.The polylactic acid fabric was dyed with ten relatively mature low-temperature and medium-temperature disperse dyes on the market provided by the dye company,and the three primary colors suitable for the dyeing of polylactic acid fabric were selected by studying the dyeing condition and color fastness of the dye.The dyestuffs,and the compatibility between the screened disperse dyes were studied by the heating rate of dyeing.The research found that the three three primary color dyes screened,disperse red AC-E,disperse yellow EE,disperse blue EE dyes were compatible with each other.Good sex,there is a certain degree of dyeability.Since the concentration of alkaline agent has the greatest influence on the reduction and cleaning process of polylactic acid dyed fabrics,and the polylactic acid fiber is not resistant to strong alkali,the optimal reduction and cleaning process parameters are: soda ash concentration 1g/l.The concentration of sodium hydrosulfite is 1g/l,the reduction cleaning temperature is 60?,the cleaning time is 10?20min,and the bath ratio is 1:20.There is no significant decrease,and the color fastness of polylactic acid fabrics to soaping is improved by more than one to a half grades than that of ordinary reduction cleaning process,which can be applied in actual mass production.