| The petrochemical storage tank area is a high-risk facility in an area where a large number of liquid or gas storage tanks are concentrated.It is mainly used for receiving and storing crude oil,refined oil,liquefied hydrocarbon and other flammable and flammable liquid(gas)chemicals.With the rapid development of China's petrochemical industry and the increase of the demand for strategic energy reserves,the petrochemical storage tank area shows a sharp trend of capacity and scale.At the same time,the diversified,large-scale and integrated development of the tank area leads to a series of increases in the risk of fire and explosion accidents.Catastrophic chemical accidents,such as large oil tank group fire,large-scale leakage and flow fire,and LNG storage tank catastrophic leakage,have aroused widespread concern in the society,and brought new challenges to accident risk prevention and emergency preparedness capacity construction in petrochemical tank area.First,through statistical analysis of typical accidents in petrochemical tank areas and identification of risk influencing factors,the risk characteristics of accidents,low frequency,catastrophe and complexity of large petrochemical tank areas were determined,and the accidents in petrochemical tank areas were identified.The reasons and the characteristics of major hazards,the evolution and development mode of typical accident scenarios in petrochemical tank areas and the characteristics of accident types are given;based on the industrial accident risk analysis method ARAMIS(Accidental Risk Assessment Methodology for Industries),a typical petrochemical tank area accident risk analysis is carried out,establish a Bow-tie network diagram with Critical Events(CE)as the core;and consider the impact of safety barriers on accidents,use the frequency of initial events,ignition probability,and consequence levels to select accident scenarios that can be referenced and carried out risk assessment.Based on the accident risk analysis of typical petrochemical tank farms,a comprehensive emergency preparedness assessment method has been developed,including tank farm scale,tank farm environment,tank farm risk degree,monitoring and early warning,emergency organization and legal system,emergency plans and drills,and emergency training,9 first-level indicators and 26 second-level indicators of emergency equipment and capital investment and emergency team,the weight of each index was determined by using the analytic hierarchy process and Yaahp(analytic hierarchy process calculation software),and the petrochemical complex was constructed using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method.The comprehensive evaluation model of emergency preparedness capability of tank farms determines the grading standard of emergency preparedness capability construction,which can be used to comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive emergency preparedness capability of petrochemical tank farm accidents.Taking a certain LNG storage tank area as an example,the risk factors of accidents in the LNG storage tank area have been identified.Starting from five influencing factors such as overfilling of LNG storage tanks,overpressure rupture,low pressure rupture,equipment damage,and external causes,the establishment of LNG the rupture and leakage of the storage tank is a bow-tie network diagram of the key event,and the risk assessment can be carried out with reference to the accident scenario,and the overall severity index of the LNG tank area is 2.59×10-7,and the overall risk value of the LNG tank area is 1.85×10-8.Compared with the social acceptable risk standard of our country,it is an acceptable risk.Based on the results of the tank area accident risk analysis,the emergency preparedness capability assessment and analysis of the entire LNG tank area was carried out.The emergency preparedness capability of the LNG tank area has a score of 77.60 points,which is a good grade,which is basically acceptable.Proposing targeted improvement measures and suggestions has important practical significance for the effective prevention and control of major accidents and emergency rescue preparations. |
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