Design And Synthesis Of Nitrogencontaining Heterocycle-functionalized Acrylic Fiber And Study On Its Adsorption And Catalytic Properties

With the development of economy,a large number of chemicals are used in human production and life.While creating wealth for human beings,chemicals also bring increasingly serious environmental pollution,bring disasters to human beings and threaten human existence.In view of this,recycling or green transformation and degradation of environmental pollutants have become one of the core connotations of sustainable development and beautiful ecological environment construction.The design and development of multi-functional intelligent materials can not only realize the highly selective identification of environmental pollutant molecules,but also catalyze their green and efficient transformation or degradation,which can provide a new idea for the development of environment-friendly chemistry.In this thesis,a series of nitrogen-containing heterocycle-functionalized acrylic fiber was designed and synthesized to achieve the selective removal of pollutants in water,and the functional fiber was used as catalyst to realize the three components reaction in water.In this thesis,acrylic fiber was used as the carrier to prepare aminated fiber through ammonolysis and hydrolysis.On this basis,eight kinds of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic functional fibers including pyridine,quinoline,pyrimidine,quinazoline,pyridazine,pyrazine,quinoxaline and quinoxaline were synthesized through substitution reaction.The functional fibers were analyzed and characterized by infrared spectroscopy,mechanical strength,element analysis,scanning electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The characterization results proved that small organic molecules were successfully immobilized on the fiber surface.We first used the prepared functional fiber for the selective adsorption of organic pollutants in water.The results showed that PAN_PHAF had a good adsorption selectivity for 2,4-dichlorophenyloxy(Q_e=2.08 mol mol-1),and systematically investigated the influence of fiber dosage,p H,time,temperature and other factors on the adsorption performance of the functional fiber.In addition,the kinetics,isotherm and thermodynamics of the adsorption process were systematically studied.The results showed that the adsorption process was a combination of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption.The initial phase of adsorption was in accordance with first-order kinetics,while the later phase of adsorption was in accordance with second-order kinetic model.Moreover,the mechanism of adsorption was considered and explored,and it was proposed that the adsorption process was caused by both acid-base action and?-?action.Secondly,the functional fiber of phthalazine as catalyst to catalyze the three-component heterogeneous catalytic reaction of p-chlorobenzaldehyde,malononitrile and 1-naphthol.The effects of solvent,temperature and time on the catalytic activity were investigated,and the results showed that the functional fiber catalyst had high solvent selectivity and could realize the green three components reaction in water,while the catalytic reaction was almost not occur in ethanol,methanol and other organic solvents.Finally,the optimal reaction condition was determined to be 2 mol%fiber catalyst,and the reaction was conducted for 1 h at 100°C in aqueous solution.