The Research On Two-part Pricing Method Of Natural Gas Pipeline Transportation

China’s 14 th Five-Year Plan proposes that the direction of energy consumption development will change from "coal dominant and only" to "green and clean".In recent years,with the development of China’s economy and society,the structure of energy consumption has undergone tremendous changes,and the proportion of natural gas has been increasing year by year.The contradiction between economic development and environmental protection has gradually come to the fore,further promoting the growth of natural gas consumption.Natural gas has special physical properties and there is a natural spatial barrier between its resources and market distribution,making the storage,transportation and utilisation of natural gas resources under very strict conditions.Pipeline transport is by far the lowest cost mode of transport for onshore natural gas and is recognised as the most important mode of transport at home and abroad,and is an important prerequisite for the realisation of the value of natural gas.At different stages of development,governments have developed different pricing methods and regulatory policies to ensure the healthy development of the gas pipeline industry.In December 2019,our nation integrates pipeline assets and establishes the National Pipeline Network Group,whose basic social function is to provide fair and open pipeline transportation services.After major changes in the industrial structure,our nation is actively promoting the reform of pricing mechanism of natural gas pipeline transportation.At present,the pricing of natural gas pipeline transportation in China is fully led by the government and is approved in accordance with the principles of cost compensation,reasonable profit,preferential sales and consideration for the affordability of customers.China’s current natural gas pipeline transportation pricing is based on the average cost pricing method,which is a "one-tier" pricing system,i.e.the unit cost of pipeline transportation is shared equally among all users.The main problems with this method are that it does not reflect the differences in service demand between industrial and residential customers,and between continuous and interruptible customers,and there is a problem of "cross-subsidisation".The current method does not allow for the optimisation of social welfare.In the research of various scholars in the industry,it is found that the voice of implementing the "two-part" price reform is the highest,but few research and design specific pricing methods.This paper summarises the evolution of government price control methods,the determination of the total annual cost of services receivable,the tariff system and rate design methods in the US and UK,as well as their respective advantages and disadvantages,by reviewing relevant literature and pricing theories at home and abroad.Based on the theory of optimal pricing,the current situation and problems of natural gas pipeline transportation pricing in China,the principle of "whoever uses the gas pays",the marginal cost as the ad valorem price and the fixed cost as the basis for the apportionment of capacity and usage charges,and the establishment of a natural gas tariff system.A two-part pricing model is developed for gas pipeline transportation market segments based on the "whoever uses the gas pays" principle.The model is also used as an example for the MH pipeline,and a trial calculation of the ’two-part’pricing for the power generation customer segment is carried out.