Research On The Relationship Between Health-relate Physical Fitness And Dual Mechanisms Of Cognitive Control In Middle-aged And Elderly People

Objective: The dual control theory of cognitive control shows that aging leads to the degradation of the functions of dorsolateral prefrontal lobe(PFC)and dopamine(DA)system,which makes it more difficult for individuals to recruit and deploy cognitive resources,which is characterized by the decline of attention and anti-interference ability,that is,the decline of Proactive cognitive control ability,which makes the elderly more and more unable to deal with daily affairs,thus reducing the quality of life.In recent years,a large number of studies have shown that there is an obvious relationship between healthy physical fitness,and its sub-function and the cognitive control of the elderly,and even the overall cognitive function.Recently,the results of research on children's Dual cognitive control show that cardiopulmonary fitness is good for both Proactive and Reactive cognition.However,whether physical fitness has a positive impact on the Dual cognitive control of the middle-aged and elderly is still up in the air.Therefore,this study will continue to explore the relationship between healthy physical fitness and Dual cognitive control in the middle-aged and elderly,in order to make further exploration in the field of exercise promoting brain cognitive health.Methods: 62 middle-aged people with an average age of 54 years old and 59 elderly people with an average age of 68 years old were recruited in Changchun.By using the methods of literature,logical analysis,experiment and mathematical statistics,this paper explores the relationship between physical fitness and dual cognitive control in middle-aged and elderly people.Results:(1)In demography,there were statistical differences in age between P3 b amplitudes of BX reaction time,Fz,Cz and Pz points and CNV amplitudes of Cz,CPz and Pz points,but there was no statistical difference in other.(2)there was a significant correlation between BMI index and AY reaction time and BX reaction time in middle-aged people(r=0.534,P<0.01),muscle fitness and BX reaction time(r= 0.321,P<0.01),and between cardiopulmonary fitness and AY reaction time and BX reaction time(r=0.513,P<0.01,r=0.584,p<0.01).There was a significant correlation between BMI index and AY reaction time and BX reaction time in the elderly(P<0.01).There was a significant correlation between muscle fitness and BX reaction time(P<0.01).There was a significant correlation between cardiopulmonary fitness and AY reaction time and BX reaction time(r=0.510,P <0.01,r=0.802,p<0.01).The results showed that there was a significant correlation between muscle fitness and BX reaction time(r=0.802,p<0.01),and there was a significant correlation between cardiopulmonary fitness and AY reaction time and BX reaction time(r=0.802,p<0.01).BMI index,muscle fitness and cardiopulmonary fitness were significantly correlated with P3 b amplitudes at Fz,FCz,Cz,CPz and Pz points in middle-aged people(r=-0.331,p<0.01;r=-0.304,p<0.05;r=-0.336,p<0.05;r=-0.311,p<0.05;r=-0.297,p<0.05)(r=0.264,p<0.05;r=0.257,p<0.05;r=0.305,p<0.05;r=0.266,p<0.05;r=0.306,p<0.05)(r=0.510,p<0.01;r=0.514,p<0.01;r=0.543,p<0.01;r=0.482,p<0.01;r=528,p<0.01).BMI index,muscle fitness and cardiopulmonary fitness were significantly correlated with P3 b amplitudes at Fz,FCz,Cz,CPz and Pz points in the elderly(r=-0.669,p<0.01;r=-0.675,p<0.01;r=-0.707,p<0.01;r=-0.581,p<0.01;r=-0.678,p<0.01)(r=0.419,p<0.01;r=0.451,p<0.01;r=-0.445,p<0.01;r=-0.423,p<0.01;r=-0.449,p<0.01)(r=0.804,p<0.01;r=0.836,p<0.01;r=0.842,p<0.01;r=0.727,p<0.01;r=0.834,p<0.01).BMI index,muscle fitness and cardiopulmonary fitness were significantly correlated with CNV amplitudes at Cz,CPz and Pz points in middle-aged people(r=0.449,p<0.01;r=0.438,p<0.01;r=0.432,p<0.01)(r=-0.294,p<0.05;r=-0.299,p<0.05;r=-0.303,p<0.05)(r=-0.635,p<0.01;r=-0.642,p<0.01;r=-0.625,p<0.01).BMI index,muscle fitness and cardiopulmonary fitness were significantly correlated with CNV amplitudes at Cz,CPz and Pz points in the elderly(r=0.560,p<0.01;r=0.561,p<0.01;r=0.593,p<0.01)(r=-0.429,p<0.01;r=-0.435,p<0.01;r=-0.463,p<0.01)(r=-0.699,p<0.01;r=-0.702,p<0.01;r=-0.782,p<0.01).BMI index and cardiopulmonary fitness were significantly correlated with N2 amplitudes at Fz,FCz,FC3 and FC4 points in middle-aged people(r=0.544,p<0.01;r=0.491,p<0.01;r=0.536,p<0.01;r=0.552,p<0.01)(r=-0.534,p<0.01;r=-0.483,p<0.01;r=-0.520,p<0.01;r=-0.547,p<0.01).BMI index and cardiopulmonary fitness were significantly correlated with N2 amplitudes at Fz,FCz,FC3 and FC4 points in the elderly(r=0.569,p<0.01;r=0.520,p<0.01;r=-0.574,p<0.01;r=0.567,p<0.01)(r=-0.538,p<0.01;r=-0.548,p<0.01;r=-0.561,p<0.01;r=0.552,p<0.01).Conclusions:(1)the Proactive cognitive control of the elderly is significantly weaker than that of the middle-aged,and there is no difference in Reactive cognitive control.(2)there is a relationship between physical fitness and Dual cognitive control in middle-aged and elderly people.Proactive cognitive control is correlated with BMI index,cardiopulmonary function and muscle endurance,and the relationship is more obvious in the elderly;there is a correlation between Reactive cognitive control and BMI index and cardiopulmonary function.