The Preparation And Characterization Of Antimonene On Al(111) Substrate With DFT Calculation

Since the special two-dimensional material Graphene with Honeycomb lattice is found,the2 D materials with similar structure make scientists devote a great deal of efforts to researching in condensed matter physics and material physics.Using the molecuylar beam epitaxy,the ordered structures of various elements can be artifical made above various substrates with different rotational symmetry.Whether the ordered structure can be fabricated by the atoms epitaxial growth on the substrate is decided by the size and type of interaction between each atom,so the intercation of atoms needs to take consideration.Different substrates have different lattice constant,in that case,the 2D structures need to match the lattice constant of substrates.Some nontrivial band structures that do not exist in intrinsic state may occur because of the lattice constant and buckling of artifical 2D structure are regulated by the intercation of atoms,even the 2D material that can not exist in free standing,such as silicene,can be fabricated by molecuylar beam epitaxy.In this article,we chose the aluminum single crystal,different phases of Antimonene can be formed automatically on Al(111)surface in room temperature by molecular beam epitaxy,and those phases of Antimonene were characterized by scanning tunneling microscope in experimental,large area of high-quality Honeycomb lattice,Dice lattice and Kagome lattice were successfully fabricated on Al(111)surface.Limited by the experimental principle,scanning tunneling microscope can only measure the morphology of the outermost layer,the adsorption site between outermost layer and substrate needs to be analyzed in combination with the diffraction pattern of reflection high-energy electron diffraction.After the structures of Antimonene was determined,the band structures of Antimonene was measured along the highsymmerty direction by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy,a Dirac-cone like structure can be found below Fermi level near-1.3e V.Therefore,this article demonstrated the topological nontrivial electronic transport properties of Antimonene in experimental for the first time,proved that Antimonene belongs to topological insulator,a kind of material with zero dissipation electron spin current in the edge state with great application potential.In addition,the changes of binding energy and area of Al 2p peak and Sb 4d peak corresponding to different deposition time are compared,and the changes of components of antimony atom and aluminum atom with time increased are further described qualitatively by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.After the ordered structure of two-dimensional system is determined in experimentally,our research also combined with the first principle calculation of density functional theory.Those structures were modeled by VESTA software,and then the models were relaxed by VASP.In order to verify and further characterize the electronic structure measured in experiment,we exported the electron localization function,which can discribe the distribution of electron clouds between the analyzed atoms,so the type of interaction force between atoms can be determined.