In Vivo Biological Micropump Assembled With Endogenous Cell Nucleus In Blood Vessels

Targeted delivery of nanoparticles and biological cells,especially in the living blood vessels,has provided great significances for the biomedical applications from precision immunotherapy to active drug delivery.With the assistance of optofluidic transport technique,micropumps can generate the directional microflows and then achieve the targeted transport of nanoparticles and cells in vivo.Thus,researchers have developed multiple micropumps which are driven by various strategies,including the chemical fuel,magnetic field,acoustic field,optical force and biological driving etc.However,they usually exhibit the poor biocompatibility with living organisms,as a result of the invasive implantation of exogenous materials into blood vessels,thus limiting their potential applications in biomedicine.To solve the above challenges,a new concept was proposed to construct the endogenous nucleus micropumps for the targeted delivery of nanomedicine and biological cells in living blood vessels.The cell nuclei were extracted from red blood cells,thus making them intrinsically and completely biocompatible.With the assistance of scanning optical tweezing system,the cell nuclei were extracted in a noncontact and noninvasive manner,and then can experience a stable trapping,precise arrangement and dynamic rotation.Notably,the rotating cell nucleus can be regarded as a functional micropump.By a precise actuation of directional microflows,the nanoparticles and cells are navigated to the target destinations.Owing to the ease size,abundance and high biocompatibility,the proposed nucleus micropump could provide a bio-friendly high-throughput in vivo platform for the treatment of blood diseases,microenvironment monitoring,and biomedical analysis.