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Studies On Ways To Reduce Chemical Fertilizer Application And The Microbiological Mechanism In Tea Gardens

Posted on:2021-04-02Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:J W ZhangFull Text:PDF
GTID:2480306608460484Subject:Plant Nutrition
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The application of chemical fertilizers is essential to improved tea yield and quality.But the problems of environmental pollution caused by excessive input of chemical fertilizer can't be ignored.To verify the different substitution patterns of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer in typical tea gardens,as well as to understand the effect of fertilization in tea plantations on the microbial conversion of ammonium to nitrate and the microbial effect on the absorption of phosphorus,both field experiments and culture experiments were conducted.1.Field experiments were set up at Counties of Jurong,Liyang,Fuan,Pujiang,Dadugang across 4 provinces in 2017.Treatments in the field experiments consist of applications of bio-organic fertilizer(T1),organic manure combined wood vinegar foliar fertilizer(T2)and organic manure combined amino acid foliar fertilizer(T3).All three treatments(T1,T2,T3)can reduce the input of nitrogen fertilizer by 36%on a prospected yield and quality.However,the best alternative fertilization varies slightly at different locations according to the different way of production.Organic manure combined with spraying amino acid foliar fertilizer(T3)on Jurong's tea garden can increase yield by 13%,increase nitrogen use efficiency by 73%,and increase economic benefits by 5%.Application of bio-organic fertilizer(T1)to Liyang's tea garden,mainly consist of white tea,can increase yield by 9%.Organic manure combined with spraying wood vinegar foliar fertilizer(T2)in Machine-Picked Tea Garden(Fuan and Dadugang)can significantly increase yield by 24%and 12%,and increase nitrogen partial productivity factor by 96%and 68%and increased economic efficiency by 23%and 3%respectively.No significant differences in terms of tea yield between fertilized treatments in Pujiang were observed.2.The basic physical and chemical properities of soil in the field experiments was investigated.All substitution patterns of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer can increase soil nutrients,and the best effect of substitution patterns on soil nutrients in Fuan.3.Potential nitrification activities in the rhizosphere and bulk soils with planting of six tea plant varieties were investigated.The nitrification activities in Fudingdahao,Longjing43,Yuanxiaolv rhizosphere were significantly inhibited by 61%,31%and 24%respectively,compared with corresponding bulk soils.We found a significant positive correlation between the nitrification rhizosphere effect value in tea and leaf SPAD value,and a significantly positive correlation between the nitrification inhibition rate in tea rhizosphere and leaf nitrogen concentration.There is also a significantly negative correlation between the nitrification rhizosphere effect value in tea and specific leaf area.Though the abundance of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria(AOB)did not change,their activity was severely inhibited in the rhizosphere.4.The community composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)in the soils collected from a long-term experiment of tea plantation with nitrogen gradient inputs located in Hangzhou was investigated.Nitrate,available phosphorus and ammonium have a greater impact on the community structure of AMF.It revealed that the dominant genus were Glomus and Archaeospora in all soils with relative abundance of about 80%.When the application amount of nitrogen was less than 569 kg·hm-2,the relative abundance of Acaulospora was increased with the amount of nitrogen application.But the relative abundance of Glomus and other genus does not change when the amount of nitrogen application was less than 569 kg·hm-2.In Summary,the different substitution patterns of chemical fertilizer by organic fertilizer in typical tea gardens can reduce the input of nitrogen fertilizer by 36%.We found tea tree secretions can inhibit nitrification activities in the rhizosphere.And it has a significant correlation between the nitrification rhizosphere effect value in tea and leaf traits related to nutrient utilization.We found the relative abundance of AMF taxa with higher tolerance to nitrogen can significantly decrease when the amount of nitrogen application was more than 569 kg·hm-2.The effect of reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer on soil microbes provided a technical support for green production in tea gardens...
Keywords/Search Tags:Tea, Production mode, optimal organic fertilizer replacement model, Rhizosphere, Nitrification, Nitrogen fertilizer, Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal community structure
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