Research On The Climate Responsive Characteristics Of Zhuang Traditional Dwellings In Guangxi

The Zhuang is the most populous ethnic group among the ethnic minorities in China today.In the long-term social development process,in order to adapt to the local hot and humid natural environment,the ancestors of the Zhuang created overhead building with distinctive ethnic characteristics.After many generations of continuous improvement,the construction technology is becoming more and more perfect.Since then,many valuable experiences,methods and wisdom of climate-adaptive construction have been accumulated.The research on the climate adaptability of the traditional houses of the Zhuang nationality is not only of great significance to the protection and development of the houses themselves,but also provides design references for the development of green ecological buildings and promotes the sustainable development of the society.First of all,according to the factors that reflect the characteristics of architectural culture,such as settlement space intention,residential plan,and architectural structure,the paper divides the traditional Ganlan residential settlements of the Zhuang nationality into two areas: the northwest Guangxi and the western and southwestern Guangxi.The topography,climate,cultural environment,traditional settlements and residential characteristics of the two regions were summarized separately.Then,two typical traditional houses will be selected in the two regions of Northwest Guangxi,which are in hot summer and cold winter area,and West Guangxi and southwest Guangxi in hot summer and warm winter area.The indoor and outdoor thermal environment parameters are measured in winter and summer,including indoor and outdoor temperature,relative humidity,wind speed,and building wall temperature.The paper analyzes the characteristics and changing laws of the thermal environment of different spaces through the measurement data,and uses the calculated APMV value of the main space of the building to evaluate the thermal and humid environment of the building.In summer,the proportions of the time when the residential buildings in northwestern Guangxi reach the first and second standards are 32% and 59%,respectively;the residential buildings in the west and southwest of Guangxi account for 48% and45%.The indoor thermal environment quality of the two regions in summer is generally the same,but the response of the residential buildings to the climate in western and southwestern Guangxi is more prominent.In winter,residential buildings in northwestern Guangxi can reach Class II standards all day long,but the proportion of time periods that meet Class I standards is 0.It can be seen that the indoor climate of traditional dwellings of Zhuang is more focused on summer.Finally,through the method of combining theoretical calculation and actual measurement,the formation mechanism of residential indoor thermal environment is analyzed from the three levels of settleme nt,building monomer,and user.The location and orientation of the traditional settlements of the Zhuang nationality are adapted to the local terrain and climate.At the same time,the "low front and high back" terrain and the open foreground space are used to obtain more light and natural ventilation for the settlement.In terms of the spatial form of settlements,the layout methods that follow the slope,the spatial scale and form of the group,the spacing between buildings,the village roads,and the layout of vegetation are the results of long-term adaptation to topography,natural resources,climatic conditions,and production.The transparent and open plan form of the traditional houses of the Zhuang nationality,the far-reaching eaves,the high open space of the hall and the outer protective structure with good heat dissipation capacity are well adapted to the hot and humid summer weather in Guangxi and strong solar radiation.In addition,the "centripetal" spatial layout and the rational use of climate buffer space enable the residential houses to not only adapt to the high temperature in summer,but also to the cold weather in winter.Residential users can independently choose suitable activity spaces to adapt to the thermal environment conditions according to their production and living habits.In addition,in order to adapt to the climate characteristics of hot and humid summers and cold winters in the Zhuang ethnic area,the Zhuang residents adopted heating methods that are compatible with their lifestyles.