| As coal gangue in the mining area accumulates a large amount of land and destroys the original vegetation,it is particularly important to adopt artificial vegetation reconstruction,and the analysis of the effect of artificial vegetation reconstruction is an important part of evaluating the effect of ecological restoration and vegetation reconstruction.The thesi takes the Zaoquan Coal Gangue Mountain in Ningdong Mining Area artificially reconstructed vegetation and soil as the research object,using field investigation combined with indoor experimentto study the characteristics of plant communities and soil physical and chemical properties of 9 sample such as Platycladus orientalis arbor type,Platycladus orientalis+Caragana korshinskii+Calligonum mongolicum+Agropyron cristatum,shrub and grass,Caragana korshinskii+Calligonum mongolicum+Panicum miliaceum+Cosmos bipinnata shrub grass type,Artemisia ordosica+Caragana korshinskii+Astragalus adsurgens and so on.In this thesis,the principal component analysis method was used to evaluate the habitat quality of the sample plots,in order to screen out the more suitable configuration mode among the existing artificial vegetation configuration types,and provide a basis for the selection of plant species during the ecological restoration of coal-rock hills in local and similar areas.The main results are as follows:(1)Plants were planted in various plots at the initial stage of vegetation,artificial plants accounted for a large proportion,mainly annual herbs;after 3 years of vegetation establishment,the number of artificial plants increased from 8 to 39,and 31 new natural plants have been added.(2)After the establishment of artificial vegetation three years later,the soil bulk density decreased,and the total porosity and field water holding capacity increased compared with the natural restoration sample plots.The lowest soil bulk density of the Platycladus orientalis samle plot surface layer on the platform was 1.47 g·cm-3,the porosity and field water holding capacity were both the highest,34.12%and 19.34%,respectively;the surface layer soil bulk density of the Artemisia ordosica+Astragalus adsurgens sample plot on the side slope was the lowest,1.39 g·cm-3,and the total porosity and field water holding capacity were the highest,which were 41.48%and 23.76%,respectively.(3)The pH value of the study plot was more than 8.5,and the soil was alkaline.Three years after the establishment of vegetation,the contents of soil organic matter,total effective and available N,P and K in the artificial plots increased compared with those in the natural grassland restoration.The content of soil organic matter,total potassium and rapidly available potassium in the surface layer of Platycladus orientalis sample plot on the platform had been increased significantly compared with the natural restoration of wild grassland on the platform,increasing by 2.24 g·kg-1,4.00 g·kg-1 and 15.48 mg·kg-1,respectively;The content of organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and rapidly available potassium in the surface layer of Artemisia sphaerocephala+Caragana korshinskii+Astragalus adsurgens sample plot on the side slope increased significantly compared with the side slope natural restoration of wild grassland,increasing by 2.13g·kg-1,9.10 g·kg-1 and 13.20 mg·kg-1,respectively.(4)The analysis shows that the correlation between Patrick richness index and soil total phosphorus,total nitrogen and available phosphorus was great,Pielou evenness index was positively correlated with field water capacity,and the correlation between Patrick richness index and soil total nitrogen,alkaline hydrolysis of nitrogen and total phosphorus matter was positive.(5)The comprehensive evaluation of the habitat quality of the sample plots showed that the arbor type of Platycladus orientalis on the platform of coal gangue dump and the shrub grass type of Artemisia ordosica+Caragana korshinskii+Astragalus adsurgens on the slope were more appropriate. |
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