Study On The Characteristics Of Vegetation Community And Soil Physical And Chemical Properties In The North And South Edge Of Badain Jaran Desert

Community characteristics of vegetation and the physical and chemical properties of soil are the important parts of prevention and control of desertification research. Meanwhile, the study of desert vegetation community characteristics and physical and chemical properties of soil has become a big hotspot of ecology and soil science. The paper was subsidized by the basic work for the national science and technology in the Badain Jaran Desert farming and animal husbandry comprehensive development and utilization of plant resources (2012BAD16B0303) research. The author join the team in August2013to September for15days in the wild field.This article through the Badain Jaran Desert in south of Alxa Right Banner and Jas bligh mountains, north of Guaizi lake forest farm and Ejin Banner, contain17points, investigated the vegetation type,composition, life form, similarity, field measurements and calculation of the height, frequency and coverage. And the electrical conductivity of soil samples, air-dried soil water content, organic matter content, pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium about15points from them. The rule of the soil physical and chemical properties are studied, and the relationship between them and characteristics of the vegetation community are discussed,main results are as follows:(1) The species of study area are diversity, which have different vegetation types, the south more than the north,a total of12species24genera,27species, of which15species shrubs, herbaceous12. Alxa Right Banner and Jas bligh mountains has a little difference in species composition. Jas bligh mountains and Guaizi lake forest farm changes a lot, Guaizi lake forest farm and Ejin Banner species has the smaller difference.Vegetation types in the study area in the south of vertical scale, along with the increase of latitude reduction, increases with the rise of longitude and altitude. North of vegetation types in the study area along with the change of latitude, longitude and altitude difference is not obvious.(2) The plant community characteristics of frequency and coverage and important value are different significantly, mainly affected by the local precipitation climate factors. In the highly characteristics, supreme overlord of shrubs of southern, highest shrubs of northern is rose willow, the highest shrubs of north and south have large elevation difference, herbaceous plant height has very small difference. In terms of frequency characteristics, kinds of frequency difference of the north and south is not big, Frequency for the relative value, such as relativity, is difficult to longitudinal comparison of species. The highest coverage is the Ejin Banner, northern species in the study area of coverage change is bigger, the sum of the portion of the species in the study area coverage in southern haven’t changed much. The whole research district, white spines and bubble, noting that the generally high importance value of mostly become a kind of dominant species.The sand rice in the south of the herb layer in the study area are generally dominant species.(3) In the aspect of soil physical properties,the most of soil electrical conductivity is very low at the study area, north localities are higher. The south study area is generally lower than the north in air dried soil of water content,affected by the desert conditions of underground water,which is generally low and reach peak2times in Alxa Right Banner and Ejin Banner.(4) In the aspect of soil chemical properties, the study area is lesser in pH value and total K content changes. Organic matter content and total N, P and available N, P, K content change bigger. As the total research district, soil organic matter content has experienced high-low-high-low-high-low. North and south soil are all alkaline in the study area, changing slow. The total N and total P and available P in the study area reduce after first increase then decrease, available potassium increased first and then increase and decrease, total potassium reduced after increased first and then increased, available nitrogen reduce after first then decreased.(5) Between soil physical and chemical properties significantly stronger.Soil physical and chemical properties and the relationship between the community characteristic was not significant. The electrical conductivity of0-20cm soil available P was significantly positively related, and very significant positive correlated to the available K. The soil electrical conductivity and total phosphorus in20-40cm was significantly positively related, and available N were significantly negative correlation, very significant positive correlation between the north and the south and the available P content in the study area0-40cm and significantly correlated to the soil electrical conductivity of soil organic matter, available P, available K and extremely significant correlated to the soil electrical conductivity. (6)In this paper, the characteristic of vegetation community on the edge of the desert and a study of the relationship between soil physical and chemical properties found that the northern research areas in herbaceous plants on the amount and type of severity shortage, which should be strengthen in the investigation and northern species diversity protection, especially in frequent human activities of the northern desert areas surrounding the Ejin Banner, increase the devotion of sand prevention, as a key to protect Haloxylon and rose willow and so on.For the biodiversity protection and prevent and control of desertification the about Badain Jaran Desert provides a certain reference and scientific basis.