Study On Increased Yield Potential,and Optimization Of Water And Fertilizer Model Under Oat Production In Four Main Regions In China

In this thesis,the four major oat producing areas for the study area.Based on the meteorological data,oat production data and soil data of 63 stations from 2015 to 2019,the oat production potential was calculated by crop production potential model.Based on the investigation of oat production status in each producing area,the optimization model of water and fertilizer for oat was established,and the fertilizer input and yield level in each producing area were determined,which could provide theoretical guidance for improving the resource utilization rate and rational fertilization in main oat producing areas.The main findings are as follows:1.The results showed that the average yield of the four main production areas was2918kg/hm~2,2880kg/hm~2,2392kg/hm~2and1615kg/hm~2,respectively,in the order of northeast main production area,northwest main production area,north China main production area and southwest main production areas.The yield of oats in North China,Northwest China and Northeast China mainly concentrated in the range of 2000?3000kg/hm~2,while the yield of oats in Southwest China mainly concentrated in the range of 1000?2000kg/hm~2.2.There were differences in the amount of fertilizer application among the main oat producing areas,and the highest amount of nitrogen fertilizer application was in the main oat producing areas in southwest China,the average amount of nitrogen application was103.25kg/hm~2,The average amount of nitrogen application was 89.25kg/hm~2,72.96kg/hm~2and 62.61kg/hm~2in the main production areas of North China,Northwest China and Northeast China,respectively.The average application amount of phosphate fertilizer showed that the main production areas in Northwest China>the main production areas in Southwest China>North China>Northeast China,79.77kg/hm~2,66.28kg/hm~2,59.01kg/hm~2and 56.95kg/hm~2,respectively.The average amount of potassium application in the three main production areas was between 52.05and 59.42kg/hm~2,except that the amount of potassium application in the main production areas in Northwest China was less than 50 kg/hm~2.3.Oat production potential in China has great room for improvement,the main producing areas in Northeast China>North China>Southwest China>Northwest China.The potential of yield increase is 3563kg/hm~2,2587kg/hm~2,2384kg/hm~2and 2162kg/hm~2.Among them,the main producing areas in Northeast China have the greatest potential to improve,the development prospects of oats are good,and the potential to increase production is superior to other producing areas.According to the correction coefficient of crop production potential model,water is the main factor limiting the improvement of oat production potential in the main production areas.4.Propose an optimized fertilization method for oats based on precipitation:determine the target output according to the precipitation during the growth period,divide the yield field into high,middle and low,Respectively calculating the corresponding nutrient demands of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium,Nitrogen application rate =target yield/100×3×adjustment factor;phosphorus application rate=target yield/100×1×1.5×adjustment factor;potassium application rate=target yield/100×2.5×0.3×adjustment factor.5.The yield level of four main oat producing areas and the application status of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in China were determined through investigation.According to the yield difference,the potential yield of oat was obtained,and the optimal fertilization model was put forward.The research can provide theoretical basis and technical guidance for improving the resource utilization rate and yield of oats in the main production areas.