The Catelogue Of Chinese Mordellidae And The Arrangement Of Five Genera

Mordellidae is a type of small beetles,which belongs to the Coleoptera.As one of the key groups for the phylogenetic reconstruction of the Polyphaga subclass of Coleoptera,the lag in the phylogenetic taxonomy of the Mordellidae has severely affected the phylogenetic research work of the Polyphaga subclass of Coleoptera.Due to the poor research foundation of the extant Mordellidae,it also directly affects the progress of fossil research.Modern morphology has not been applied in the classification of Mordellidae.The information such as anatomical and biological characteristics of male genitalia is very lacking in species identification.Lack of research on the relationship between the tribe and the genus.The application of modern molecular biology methods in solving related species and phylogenetic analysis is almost blank.There is not even a complete catelogue of worldwide Mordellidae.The author has completely and systematically compiled the catelogue of worldwide Mordellidae and the catelogue of Chinese Mordellidae,and based on this,redescription and geographical distribution of five genera of Chinese Mordellidae were carried out.The aim is to enrich the descriptions of the Chinese Mordellidae,clarify the systematic relationships among the taxonomic levels,analyze their geographical distribution status,and discuss the origin and evolutionary direction of species in each genera,so as to lay the foundation for future molecular systematic research.The results are as follows:1.The complete and systematical catelogue of worldwide and Chinese Mordellidae has been compiled.The catelogue of worldwide Mordellidae contains a total of 2565 species of140 genera in 3 subfamilies(Ctenidiinae,Mordellinae and extinct Praemordellinae)of Mordelidae in the world;The catelogue of Chinese Mordellidae only records 195 species of 42 genera in Chinese Praemordellinae and Mordellinae.2.The arrangement and supplementation of the classification characteristics of Mordellidae have been initially completed.A systematic and comprehensive overview of11 important identification features involved in the head,thorax and abdomen of the Mordellidae has been made.Among them,the shapes of maxillary palpus,pronotum,scutellum,elytra,pygidium,and paramere,as well as the position of eyes,the characteristics of antennae,stripes on the back of elytra,the number and location of ridges of posterior legs,and the characteristics of the male external genitalia play an important role in the identification of adult Mordellidae.3.Based on the catelogue of Chinese Mordellidae,35 species of 5 genera in China have been sorted and described.More systematic keys to all levels of the Mordellidae have been compiled,and their identification characteristics are re-described,including 11 species of Glipa,9 species of Hoshihananomia,4 species of Variimorda,9 species of Glipostenoda and 2 species of Pseudotolida.4.On the basis of the catelogue of worldwide Mordellidae,the world geographical distribution of 5 genera of Chinese Mordellidae has been roughly statistic and preliminary analyzed.The geographical distribution characteristics of each genera were analyzed,and the species origin and spread direction were discussed.The Mordellidae is distributed in all zoogeographic regions of the world,most of which are the Palearctic region,Oriental region and Australian region.Its distribution mainly depends on the distribution of host plants,and the distribution of hosts is determined by factors such as latitude,temperature,precipitation and soil.The natural spread of populations in zoogeographic region has been common,and there has also been a certain degree of migration between zoogeographic regions.According to the cladogram and related biogeography theories,the conclusions are as follows: The Glipa Le Conte,1857 may originate in the Palearctic and Oriental regions,then spread to the Afrotropics and Australian regions,and finally to the Nearctic and Neotropical regions.The Hoshihananomia Kono,1935 may originate in the Palearctic and Oriental regions,then spread to the Afrotropics region,then to the Australian region,and finally to the Nearctic and Neotropical regions.The Variimorda Mequignon,1946 may originate in the Palearctic and Oriental regions,and the migration between these two regions is not obvious.At the same time,it has not spread to other zoogeographic regions,but it can be speculated that there is the possibility of spreading to other four regions in the future.The Glipostenoda Ermisch,1950 may originate in the Palearctic and Oriental regions,and then spread to Afrotropics,Australian,Nearctic and Neotropical regions at the same time.The Pseudotolida Ermisch,1950 may originate in the Palearctic and Oriental regions,and then spread to the Neotropical region.At the same time,there is a trend of spreading to Afrotropics,Australian and the Nearctic regions.