Study On Climatic Suitability Of Apple Cultivation In Shaanxi Province

Based on the daily temperature,precipitation,relative humidity and other meteorological data from 30 meteorological stations in Shaanxi Province during 1960-2018,this paper uses climate tendency rate,analytic hierarchy process(AHP),spatial interpolation and weighted superposition method.Based on Arc GIS technology,the change and distribution of climate indicators and climate suitability of apple cultivation in four periods of 1961-1980(period I),1981-2000(period?),2001-2018(period I)and 1960-2018(period Arc)were studied.The spatial pattern of climate suitability of apple planting in Shaanxi Province was revealed by exploring the suitable range of meteorological indexes in key growth periods of apple.The aim is to provide scientific basis for adapting to climate change,understanding the change rule of meteorological indexes,giving full play to the favorable agricultural climate conditions for apple planting in Shaanxi Province,and scientifically formulating apple development plan in Shaanxi Province.The main research results are as follows:1.The most important climate index affecting apple planting is the annual average temperature,with a weight of 0.3238,The second is annual precipitation,with a weight of0.2559,Finally,summer average relative humidity and summer average minimum temperature,with weights of 0.2102.2.There was no significant change in annual precipitation,but annual average temperature,summer average relative humidity and summer average minimum temperature showed an increasing trend.3.The highly suitable areas for apple cultivation in Shaanxi Province are mainly distributed in Yichuan,Fu,Huanglong,Huangling,Luochuan,Yijun and Pucheng counties.The suitable area was the highest,which was 13.18(×10~4km~2),accounting for 58.41%.The second is the highly suitable area,with an area of 6.04(×10~4km~2).Accounted for 26.79%,the area of unsuitable area was the least,which was 3.34(×10~4km~2),accounting for 14.80%.4.In the highly suitable area,for the average precipitation,average temperature and average minimum temperature in the key growth period of apple,the fruit expansion stage was larger than the color-mature stage and the germination stage was larger than the young fruit stage.For the average relative humidity at the key growth stage of apple,the average relative humidity at the color-ripening stage was greater than that at the fruit expansion stage and the average relative humidity at the germination and young fruit stage was greater.5.For the areas highly suitable for apple cultivation,the average precipitation was in the range of 79-174mm during the budding and young fruit stage.The average temperature is within the range of 10-12?;The average minimum temperature is within the range of4-7?;The average relative humidity is in the range of 47-72%.The average precipitation was in the range of 241-371mm at the fruit expansion stage.The average temperature is within the range of 20-23?;The average minimum temperature is within the range of 16-18?;The average relative humidity is in the range of 64-76%.In the color-mature stage,the average precipitation is within the range of 111-198mm;The average temperature is within the range of 12-14?;The average minimum temperature is within the range of 7-11?;The average relative humidity is in the range of 70-81%.