Ecological Niche Measurement And Promotion Strategy In The Yellow River Basin

As an energy-rich area,a major grain-producing area and an important ecological corridor,the Yellow River Basin plays an important strategic role in China's economic and social development and ecological security,and is a key region to promote coordinated regional development in China.The proposal of the major national strategy of"Ecological Conservation and Quality Development" in 2019 brings unprecedented opportunities for high-quality development of the watershed.While the development of the Yellow River Basin has made great achievements,we should also be clearly aware of some outstanding difficulties and problems in the development of the Yellow River Basin.For example,the ecological environment of the provinces along the Yellow River Basin has been overused for a long time in social and economic development,and the carrying capacity is near the critical value.Meanwhile,the economic transformation and upgrading lag behind,and the endogenous motivation is insufficient.In addition,due to the lack of self-examination and positioning,most provinces fail to adopt local policies according to regional conditions and spatial resources in the process of development,resulting in the low quality of economic development,the grim ecological environment situation,and the great imbalance of regional development and other problems.Therefore,the research on the development of the Yellow River basin is conducive to cultivating new driving forces and new engines for China's economic growth in today's complex international environment.To explore the essence of the development problem of the Yellow River Basin,it is necessary to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of each province in the Yellow River Basin resource space,the interaction between provinces in the process of the flow of resources in the basin,and whether the spatial resource endowment of the basin meets the current development needs of each province.In order to answer the above questions,this paper draws on the thinking and methods of studying the position and status of organisms in communities and ecosystems in ecology,combines the natural,economic and social complex ecosystem in the province with ecology,and uses the ecological niche in the province to describe the specific development status of the province in the river basin.For this reason,papers on national major strategic layout area-the Yellow River basin ecological economic zone as the research object,for the provincial scale,the ecological niche theory is introduced to the Yellow River provincial ecological index system building,build the provincial ecological niche measure model and application,river provincial ecological niche promotion strategy three core parts layout.In the first part,the concept of provincial niche was analyzed,and the research progress of regional niche and niche measurement was summarized.On this basis,the connotation of provincial niche in the Yellow River Basin was determined,and the niche index system in the Yellow River Basin was screened and tested by using the idea of fitting optimization,and the weight was determined by using the path coefficient.In the second part,the ecological niche measurement model of the Yellow River Basin was constructed and applied.Firstly,based on the niche connotation and niche theory of provinces,the conceptual model of S-R-F niche measurement was constructed,and the three-dimensional content of "state-relations-function" of the provincial niche was measured by introducing the niche width model,niche overlap degree model and niche fitness model.Secondly,the spatial and temporal evolution pattern of the three stages of the provincial ecological niche in the Yellow River Basin was comprehensively evaluated and the evolutionary characteristics of the provincial ecological niche stages were summarized.The third part,according to the provincial ecological measure results,based on the S-R-F three-dimensional space model of the Yellow River basin by provincial ecological space positioning,analysis of different provincial ecological niche space diversity,build based on niche space feature of provincial ecological niche strategy,for the high quality of the Yellow River basin development under the new development pattern for reference.The main research conclusions of the thesis are as follows:(1)55.56%of the provincial niche widths of the nine provinces in the Yellow River Basin are below the average level.The two-level differentiation of the provincial niche widths is obvious and shows an unbalanced development.The overall performance is "low upstream.The niche breadth pattern of "high downstream",and the imbalance in the three-phase process from 2005 to 2019 was slightly weakened.(2)The evolution of the niche overlap of the provinces in the Yellow River Basin is characterized by "homogeneous overall,heterogeneous local,and local changes".The competition between provinces is generally fierce.In the three-stage evolution,the scope of provincial competition first expanded and then decreased Characteristics.(3)The provincial suitability of the Yellow River Basin is on a benign development track,but 51.85%of the nine provinces have a niche suitability value below the average level,and the two-level differentiation of the provincial niche suitability is obvious.It presents an unbalanced development,and generally presents a niche suitability pattern of "low upstream and high downstream".In the three-stage evolution,the disequilibrium contracted in the second stage and then began to expand in the third stage.(4)Qinghai and Gansu provinces belong to ecological niche space I,and niche specialization strategies,niche coordination strategies,potential niche and selective variation strategies should be selected;Shanxi Province,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region belong to ecological niche space III.Niche specialization strategy,niche coordination strategy,niche separation strategy,potential niche and selective variation strategy should be selected;Shandong Province belongs to niche space VI,niche generalization strategy and niche coordination strategy should be selected;Henan Province,Sichuan Province and Shaanxi Province belong to the ecological niche space VIII,it is appropriate to choose the niche separation strategy,the niche generalization strategy,and the niche coordination strategy.