Exploring The Spatiotemporal Variation Of Taxi Operation Under The Influence Of E-Hailing Apps By GIS Techniques

In China,the traditional taxi industry conforms to the trend of the times,with taxi drivers work with e-hailing applications.This reform is of great significance not only for the taxi industry,but also for the transportation industry,the cities,and society as a whole.Our goal is to analyze the changes in driving behavior after taxi drivers have joined e-hailing platforms.Therefore,this paper mines taxi trajectory data from Shanghai and compared the data of May 2015 with those of May 2017 to represent the before app stage and the full-use stage,respectively.By extracting two-trip events(i.e.,vacant trip and occupied trip)and two-spot events(i.e.,pick-up spot and drop-off spot),the taxi driving behavior changes were analyzed temporally,spatially,and efficiently.this thesis analyzes the differences of nine indicators between two stages,including occupied distance,unoccupied duration,distribution of pick-up points,payment duration,traffic flow,unoccupied ratio,operating ratio and,income,and explains the differences from the perspective of taxi drivers.Specifically,this thesis includes the following four-aspect studies:(1)In the full-use stage,there are two changes in the occupied journal at the two nodes of 3km and 10 km.That is,the proportion of taxi drivers carrying passengers in3 kilometers decreases,and the proportion of passengers carrying passengers in more than 10 kilometers increases significantly.E-hailing apps mines long-distance trip demand for taxi drivers in the scope of time and space at the same time,and increases the initiative of taxi drivers at night and early morning.E-hailing apps are outstanding in tapping the demand for long-distance trips,enabling drivers to harvest more longdistance orders,while the proportion of short-distance trips inevitably decreases.(2)In the full-use stage,the unoccupied duration is significantly shortened in the early morning and slightly prolonged in the daytime.Decrease in taxi drivers' rest events in the night and early morning period.The night rest schedule was shifted to the daytime.Taxi cruises are taking longer,not less,and drivers are shifting their nighttime rest schedules to daytime ones.Besides,mobile payment can effectively shorten the payment duration,so that more than 86% of the payment events can be completed within one minute.The average payment duration in 1 minute has also been shortened from 36 seconds to 16 seconds.But the time savings from mobile payments are not enough to make up for the increase in cruising duration.(3)In the full-use stage,the locations of taxi pickup points are more extensive and dispersed.It shows that E-hailing apps excavate more demand for drivers spatially.The traffic flow in the city center has decreased,and traffic mobility in the suburbs has increased.E-hailing apps have made the city center less attractive to drivers,and instead are targeting the Pudong New Area,Fengxian districts,Qingpu districts,Minhang districts,and Songjiang districts.(4)E-hailing apps help taxi drivers to reduce the unoccupied ratio,prompting them to increase their work arrangements at night and reduce the operation in rush hour,which helps to alleviate the unoccupied ratio.From the perspective of the income of taxi drivers,the positive impact of the increase in the long-distance journals and the excavation of spatiotemporal demand is more significant than the negative impact of the decrease in short-distance trips and the extension of cruise time.In general,Ehailing apps guide taxi drivers to find passengers with new operating strategies,which weakens the income gap caused by the different driving experiences.The new operation strategy helps taxi drivers earn more income with less effort.This thesis has both theoretical and practical significance.First of all,this paper enriches the research perspective of the E-hailing ride service and the taxi industry.Secondly,the changes in the taxi industry are discovered,and the theory is developed and applied in reality to provide a reference for the in-depth cooperation between the transportation network companies and the taxi industry.Help the relevant departments to better control the taxis,and promote the healthy development of the innovative transportation industry.