Pilot Study On The Regularity Of Wing-shed And Its Regulatory Genes In The House Cricket Acheta Domesticus

As an adaptation mechanism,wing dimorphism has been reported in many insect species to change in the living environment,including “inherent wing dimorphism form” and “wing-shed wing dimorphism form”.At present,the research on insect wing type differentiation mainly focuses on "inherent wing dimorphism form",and there are relatively few studies on "wing-shed wing dimorphism form",and the influence of different environmental conditions on insect wing decay is unclear.Insect wing dimorphism is its survival strategy for adapting to environmental changes.Exploring the environmental factors and molecular mechanisms that affect insect wing dimorphism is of great significance for understanding the adaptive evolution of insects.In this paper,the wing-falling behavior of house crickets of "wing-shed wing dimorphism form" is the research object,and the four environmental conditions of temperature,photoperiod,humidity and density have been investigated on the influence of house crickets on the wing-falling law;and the regulation of house cricket wing-falling AdomHsp40 gene was preliminarily studied,including the use of RT-qPCR experiments to compare the effects and differences of environmental conditions on the expression of different wing types of AdomHsp40.Finally,the structural and functional characteristics of AdomHsp40 were preliminarily predicted,which provided a molecular basis for further screening of Hsp40-related pathway genes that regulate the falling wings of house cricket.The results of the study are as follows:1.Effects of environmental factors on the wing-shed regularity of house crickets:(1)Raising house crickets under three temperature conditions of 25 ?,30 ?and35 ?.For 21 days,the rate of wings shed of house crickets at the three temperatures was counted.The results showed that: in the range of 25 ? 30 ? ?,high temperature promoted its wing fall,low temperature inhibited its wing fall,and delayed the peak period of wing fall(when the rate of wing fall reached the highest in the population).(2)House crickets were reared under three photoperiods of LD 0: 24 h,LD 12: 12 h,and LD 24: 0 h,and the wing rate of house crickets was counted for 21 days.The results showed that the photoperiod has a more complicated influence on the wing-shed law of house crickets.When the light time is within the range of 0 ? 12 h/d,short light can promote house cricket's wing reduction,and long light will inhibit its wing-shed.The total dark environment under unnatural conditions can postpone the peak period of wing shedding.(3)House crickets were raised under three humidity conditions of 35%,55% and 75%,and the wing-shedding rate of house crickets was counted for 21 days.The results showed that humidity had no significant effect on the the wing-shed law of house crickets.(4)Raising house crickets under three density conditions of low density,medium density and high density,and count the rate of wings shed of house crickets for 21 days.The results showed that the density has a significant effect on the wing-shed law of house crickets.Low density promotes house cricket's wing shed,high density inhibits its wing-shed and delays its peak period.2.Pilot study on the wing-shed regulation gene AdomHsp40 in house cricket:(1)Through RT-qPCR experiments,we compared and analyzed the expression differences of different wing types AdomHsp40 during the peak period of wing drop under the above different environmental conditions.The results showed that under different photoperiods and densities,the expression of short-winged(wing-shed)AdomHsp40 of domestic crickets was significantly higher than that of long-winged(winged)crickets.In the temperature range of 30 ? 35 ?,the expression of short-winged AdomHsp40 was significantly higher than that of long-winged AdomHsp40,while at 25 ?,there was no significant difference in the expression of the wing dimorphism AdomHsp40;Under low humidity conditions of 35%,the expression of short-winged AdomHsp40 was significantly higher than that of long-winged AdomHsp40,and the expression of AdomHsp40 of the wing dimorphism AdomHsp40 had no significant difference in the range of 55% ? 75%.(2)Through RT-qPCR experiments,the effects of different environmental conditions on the expression of wing dimorphism AdomHsp40 at the peak of wing drop were compared and analyzed.Within a certain range,the results showed that: 1)Temperature has a significant effect on the expression of AdomHsp40.As the temperature increases,the expression of AdomHsp40 increases;2)Photoperiod can significantly affect the expression of long-winged AdomHsp40,and its expression will decrease with the prolongation of light time,but it has no significant effect on the expression of short-winged AdomHsp40;3)Humidity has a significant effect on the expression of AdomHsp40.Compared with lower humidity conditions,high humidity conditions reduce its expression.4)Density has no significant effect on the expression of AdomHsp40.(3)Using STRING 11.0 to predict the functional characteristics of AdomHsp40,the results show that: AdomHsp40 is mainly enriched in related pathways at the level of gene transcription and translation.Its main function is to bind to RNA and proteins,and participate in biological processes such as RNA processing and modification,gene expression,and molecular metabolism.