The Study Of The Nest Site Selection And Behavior Of The Eurasian Spoonbill(Platalea Leucorodia) In The Nanhaizi Wetland Of Baotou

Baotou Nanhaizi Wetland is an important part of Baotou's Yellow River National Wetland.It is located on the migration route of East Asia-Australia and Central Asia and has abundant bird resources.The Eurasian Spoonbill(Platalea leucorodia)is an important representative of birds in this wetland,and its breeding activities are closely related to the habitat.To understand the main factors that interfere with bird reproduction and protect the diversity of birds in wetlands.In this article,from April to July 2019 and 2020,the ecological factors and behaviors of the breeding period of the white spoonbills breeding in Nanhaizi Wetland Reserve.The results are as follows:(1)The main nesting location of the Eurasian Spoonbill is the reed(Phragmites communis)cluster in the Erhaizi area,and the main material is the stems and leaves of the reed.Nest height(40.75 � 7.27)cm,nest depth(14.17 � 4.87)cm,nest inner diameter(36.67 � 3.44)cm,nest outer diameter(61.42 � 4.81)cm.The differences in water depth,reed density,concealment,distance from shore,and distance from residential areas were significant(P < 0.05);the difference between reed height and reed diameter was extremely significant(P < 0.01).The water depth,plant density,height of reeds,diameter of reeds,concealment,distance from shore and distance from residential areas of purple heron nest sites were significantly higher than those of the control.The results of regression model analysis show that the interference source factor,concealment factor and water depth factor are the key factors restricting the selection of the heron site.Tend to breed in reed wetlands that are far away from the interference source,with high concealment and deep water.(2)The ecological factors in the nest areas of three major herons,the Eurasian spoonbill,the Grass heron(Ardea purpurea),and the Grey heron(Ardea cinerea)were investigated.There are obvious differences in nest height,nest depth and nest out outer diameter.The t-test results show that the two parameters of reed height and r-eed diameter have extremely significant differences between the nest site and the con-trol plot(P < 0.01);water depth,reed density,concealment,distance from the shore,distance from the scenic spot.And the distance from the residential area to the nest site(n = 64)and the control sample(n =16)there are significant differences(P < 0.05).The results of one-way analysis of variance show that the nest site selection between the Eurasian spoonbill and the Grey heron is similar,and there is no significant difference between the factors,but there is a significant difference between the Grass heron;the selection of nest sites for Grass heron has relatively high concealment to reduce the adverse effects of nest sites.Logistic regression analysis showed that interference source factors,vegetation factors and concealment factors are the key factors that affect the choice of three species of egrets.(3)Using e-science technology to study the nests of the Eurasian spoonbills in five breeding periods,the results show that the Eurasian spoonbills in the incubation period mainly include sitting nests,turning eggs,arranging feathers,repairing nests,drying eggs,changing incubations,building nests together,and simultaneously waiting in the nest.The parents of the Eurasian spoonbill participate in incubation together,and the nesting behavior occupies most of the time of the Eurasian spoonbill incubati-on period,accounting for 58.80%.Except for nest sitting behavior,egg drying behavior accounted for 10.52%,nest repair behavior accounted for 10.02%,and the other behaviors ranked by frequency were sorting out feathers(9.47%),turning eggs(8.18%),and co-building nests(1.60%),hatching(0.78%),at the same time in the nest(0.42%),other behaviors(0.18%).During the incubation period,the behavioral rhythm of the white spoonbill fluctuates slightly at each time of the day,and there is an obvious peak only in the evening from 17:00 to 19:00.There was a significant difference before and after arranging the feathers and drying the eggs(P < 0.05).The difference in nest repairing,changing and coexisting nests was extremely significant(P < 0.01),and other behaviors were not significantly different(P > 0.05).Except for the behavior of feather management,there are significant differences in the frequency of other behaviors between day and night(P < 0.05).Sperman's rank correlation analysis was conducted on the frequency of various behaviors during the incubation period.Nest sitting behavior was negatively correlated with the occurrence of egg turning behavior(r =-0.521,P < 0.01),and negatively correlated with the occurrence of feathering behavior(r =-0.368,P <0.01),and negatively correlated with the occurrence of egg drying behavior(r =-0.013,P < 0.05).The behavior of drying eggs is positively correlated with the behavior of turning eggs(r = 0.121,P <0.05),is positively correlated with the behavior of nest repairing(r =0.331,P < 0.05),and is positively correlated with the behavior of feathering(r = 0.311,P < 0.01);the behavior of co-nesting is positively correlated with the behavior of being in the nest at the same time(r = 0.171,P < 0.05);there is no significant correlation between other behaviors(P > 0.05).