Seed Heteromorphism And Germination Behavior Of Two Species Of Salsola

Salsola rosacea and Salsola korshinskyi are annual herbaceous plants of the genus Salsola in the Chenopodiaceae.They have strong drought resistance and salt and alkali resistance,and play an important role in maintaining the ecological balance of desert and maintaining natural forage resources.In this paper,based on the seed heteromorphism characteristics of two species of Salsola,the morphological diversity characteristics and germination characteristics of the seeds of the two species were studied,and the following conclusions were drawn:In this paper,based on the seed heteromorphism characteristics of two species of Salsola,the morphological diversity characteristics and germination characteristics of the seeds of the two species were studied,concluded as follow:(1)There were 3 types of seeds for the 2 species of Salsola and 2 dispersal methods.Among them,type A seeds were mainly distributed in the upper part of the plant,and the long wings made it adopt a long-distance spreading method;the type B seeds mostly grew in the middle and lower parts of the plant;the type C seeds were mainly distributed in the middle and lower part or the base of the plant;The type B and C seeds were scattered at close distances.(2)The type A seeds of the two Salsola species germinate fast and the germination rate was higher than 80%.The type B and type C seeds had dormancy phenomenon(the germination rate was less than30%).Low-temperature stratification treatment,seed coat cutting,and GA₃treatment can break the non-deep physiological dormancy of the yellow seeds of Salsola korshinskyi.However,the three ways to broke the dormancy had no obvious effect on promoting the germination of the yellow seeds of Salsola rosacea.(3)Fruit wings had mechanical obstacles to the germination of type A seeds of the two Salsola species,and the winged wing made the germination rate of type A seeds of the two species less than 55%.High concentration of salt obviously inhibited the germination of type A seeds.(4)With the change of individual plant size,the proportion of reproduction and distribution of type A and type B propagules of Salsola rosacea increases with the increase of individuals,and type C did not depend on the individual size of the plant;The size of Salsola korshinskyi dependence is not significant.With the increase of individual plants,the output ratio of Salsola rosacea type A seeds decreased from77.9%to 66.7%,and the output ratio of type B seeds increased from 7.5%to 15.6%,which was dependent on the individual plant size,while the output of type C seeds was not obvious.Fluctuations;the output ratio of different types of Salsola korshinskyi seeds did not showed dependence on plant size.The above results show that the two annual plants of Salsola had three different seed types:A,B,and C and adopt mixed reproductive strategies,which made the plants had a competitive advantage in a highly unstable environment and reduced the environmental impact.The influence of temporal and spatial changes on the reproductive success of plants enables them to successfully settle in a highly unstable environment.