Analyses Of The Phylogenetic Relationship Between Sinopodisma Tasii And Sinopodisma Huangshana(Orthoptera:Acrididae:Podisminae)

The genus Sinopodisma Chang is a jumping locust belonging to(Orthoptera,Acridoidea,Catantopidae,Podisminae).There are 42 known species in the world and 40 in China.Morphological similarities among similar species of the genus Sinopodisma make it difficult for morphological classification,and the phylogenetic relationship of this group is still unclear.The relationship between Sinopodisma tsaii and Sinopodisma huangshana is a typical example.The difference between Sinopodisma tsaii and Sinopodisma huangshana described in Fauna Sinicais that the female of Sinopodisma huangshana has no posterior eye band,while Sinopodisma tsaii has obvious black posterior eye band;The central top of the male cercus of Sinopodisma tsaii was slightly concave,while the top of the male ercus of Sinopodisma huangshana was flat.However,through comparison of specimens,it was found that they were very similar in morphology.Some individuals of Sinopodisma huangshana had obvious posterior eye band,while some individuals of Sinopodisma tsaii had no posterior eye band,There was significant inter-individual variation in the male cercus of the same population of the two species,which resulted in the disappearance of the morphological differences between the two species.In this paper,the whole mitochondrial genomes of 8 species of Sinopodisma were determined by high-throughput sequencing technology,and the sequences of each species were annotated and analyzed in detail.Based on the mitochondrial genome data of other species of Acridoidea,the phylogenetic relationship and species delimiting study were carried out by using various methods,and the phylogenetic relationship between the genus Sinopodisma,and Sinopodisma tsaii with Sinopodisma huangshana was discussed.The main research results are as follows:(1)Completed the annotation analysis of the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Sinopodisma tsaii,Sinopodisma huangshana,Sinopodisma pieli,Sinopodisma hunanensis,Sinopodisma microfurcula,Sinopodisma rostellocerca,Sinopodisma spinocerca,Sinopodisma rufofemoralis,and the total length of the mitochondrial genome was between 15674bp and 15721bp.Through the analysis of the mitochondrial genome data of 8 species of Sinopodisma,it was found that 8 species of jumping locusts were very similar in terms of base composition,gene spacer and overlap region,start codon and stop codon of protein-coding gene,RNA gene and control region.(2)The topological structures of ML,BI and NJ trees constructed based on 13 protein genes and 2 rRNA genes datasets were basically the same,indicating that the monophyletism of the genus Sinopodisma was not supported.Both Sinopodisma tsaii and Sinopodisma huangshana could cluster into a single branch,The genus Pedopodisma of the subfamily Podisminae is grouped into a branch with the genus Sinopodisma,and it was difficult to distinguish.(3)In morphology,there was no significant difference between Sinopodisma tsaii and Sinopodisma huangshana.The genetic distance analysis showed that the intraspecific and interspecific genetic distances of the six populations of Sinopodisma tsaii and Sinopodisma huangshana's were very small,In Sinopodisma huangshana's TangKou town,JiuLong peak and Guniujiang populations,the mean interspecific genetic distance between two populations is smaller than the intraspecific mean genetic distance within a single population,and the pairwise genetic distances between two populations overlapped completely with the pairwise genetic distances within a single population.In the Tianmushan,Moganshan and Longtangshan populations of Sinopodisma tsaii,the pairwise genetic distances between pairwise populations overlapped obviously with the pairwise genetic distances within single populations.The interspecific pairwise genetic distances of three populations of sinopodisma huangshana were all within the range of the intraspecific pairwise genetic distances of Longtangshan population of sinopodisma tasii.(4)Six areas of Sinopodisma tsaii and Sinopodisma huangshana are mixed in the TCS network diagram,There were shared haplotypes among different populations.And Sinopodisma huangshana and the same kind of sample haplotypes steps of mutation is greater than with Sinopodisma tsaii sample haplotypes of mutation steps,or the Sinopodisma tsaii and the same kind of sample steps haplotypes of mutation is greater than the haplotypes of mutation with Sinopodisma huangshana's sample.This indicates that the two species of Sinopodisma are very closely related to each other,there are no significant differences in genetics.(5)GMYC analysis based on COX1 barcode sequence divided the genus into four OTUs,and Sinopodisma tsaii and Sinopodisma huangshana were separately divided into one OTUs.Combined with the information of morphology,phylogenetic analysis and species delimiting analysis,it can be concluded that Sinopodisma tsaii and Sinopodisma huangshana are the same species,Sinopodisma huangshana is the junior synonym for Sinopodisma tsaii.