Effects Of Different Combinations Of Nitrogen,Phosphorus And Potassium Fertilizers On Soil Nutrients And Soil Microbial Communities Of Continuous Cropping Soybean

In this experiment,different combinations of NP,NK,PK,NPK,and no fertilization were set up in the 9-year soybean continuous cropping field,and varieties of Jiyu47 were cultivated.The effects of different fertilization combinations on the soil nutrients,agronomic characteristics and soil properties of the soybean continuous cropping field were analyzed.The influence of bacterial and fungal communities in the medium.conclusion as below:?The application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers can reduce the soil p H value and increase the Ec value.The application of nitrogen fertilizer directly increases the content of ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen,the application of phosphate fertilizer increases the content of available phosphorus,and the application of potassium fertilizer increases the content of available potassium.NPK combined fertilization makes the soil p H low,and the Ec value is the highest,effectively supplementing the ammonium nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content in the soil.The soybean yield,plant height and 100-seed weight of NPK combined fertilization were the highest,which were 1891.667 kg/ha,93.9cm and 19.155 g,which were 1891.667 kg/ha,93.9 cm,and 19.155 g,respectively,which were 30.46%,52.24%,and 18.12%higher than those without fertilization.Compared with no fertilization,the yield of PK and NK combined fertilization increased by 8.04%and25.29%,respectively.The agronomic characteristics of NP combined fertilization were lower than those of no fertilization treatment,and the fertilization effect is the worst.Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium is the best fertilization combination,and the fertilization scheme is:pure nitrogen 60 kg/hm~2,pure phosphorus 75 kg/hm~2,and pure potassium 75 kg/hm~2.?Different treatments have different effects on trace elements.Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd,Sb have the highest content under NP combined fertilization;Be,V,Cr,Mn,and Ba have the highest content under NK combined fertilization;As,Se,Mo and Pb was the highest under PK combined fertilization;Tl was the highest under CK treatment.The application of nitrogen fertilizer can promote the increase of the content of Be and V in the soil,and the phosphate fertilizer can promote the increase of the content of Co and Pb in the soil,and the content of organic matter is negatively correlated with Cr and V.?Nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilization can increase the diversity of bacteria,and the similarity of bacterial communities in the soil without fertilization is low,and the community structure of bacteria is changed.Gemmatimonadete is the dominant bacterial phyla for the overall treatment,and the overall community abundance of PK and NPK combined fertilization are higher.The community abundance of Bradyrhizobium and Gemmatimonas increased after applying nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers.The p H value and organic matter were positively correlated with Nitrospira,and were positively correlated with Nitrospira.,Rhodanobacteris negatively correlated;Ec value is positively correlated with Bacillus and Rhodanobacter,and negatively correlated with Nitrospirillum.Nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers can lead to abundance of Rhodanobacter.The degree of increase,leading to the occurrence of diseases.?Nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilization can reduce the diversity of fungi and change the community structure of fungi.Without fertilization,the community similarity is low.Ascomycota,Basidiomycota,Mucoromycota,Mortierellomycota is the dominant phylum of five treatments.The application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers increases the abundance of Basidiomycota and promotes the growth and development of plants.The abundance of the Basidiomycota community during the growth period of PK and NPK combined fertilization is always higher than no fertilization treatment.As plants grow and develop,nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers will also increase the abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Chytridiomycota.The p H value is positively correlated with Mortierella,negatively correlated with Fusarium,and Ec is negatively correlated with Mortierella,and positively correlated with Fusarium.Nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers can cause Mortierella.The reduction in abundance reduces the conversion of carbon in the soil,but can inhibit the occurrence of Fusarium diseases.Nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilization can inhibit the competition between fungal communities.