| Typhoon disasters are one of the main types of disasters suffered by fishermen in coastal areas,and they often bring personal safety,property destruction,and serious disruption to the order of production and life.The response of fishermen in response to disasters is not only affected by the local social and cultural structure,but also restricted by political and economic development and government forces.Based on the theoretical perspective of disaster anthropology describing how local fishermen respond to typhoon disasters,this article attempts to discuss the following two aspects:First,how to coordinate and combine local practical experience and science and technology in the disaster response process and effectively use them;The second is how the national disaster prevention and mitigation measures and the local people's disaster prevention and mitigation behaviors can effectively interact with each other.This paper takes Xincun Township in Lingshui Li Autonomous County of Hainan Province as the field point,and conducts research through methods such as literature collection and collation,participation in observation and interviews.The first part analyzes the typhoon data in Lingshui Li Autonomous County from 1989 to2019 on the basis of combing historical documents.It is found that the number of typhoons affecting the local area has gradually decreased in the past 30 years,and the impact is mostly concentrated on the trend from July to October.Fishermen's experience and perception of typhoon disaster changes are consistent.The typhoon has caused natural climate impacts such as alleviating hot temperatures and bringing abundant precipitation to the local area.At the same time,it has also caused psychological panic among local fishermen,damage to houses and property,and disturbance of living order and other local social life.The second part describes the behavioral system of local fishermen in response to typhoon disasters in terms of disaster early warning methods,disaster preparedness in production and life,and local beliefs.The third part sorts out the government's changes in the construction of meteorological monitoring institutions and disaster early warning systems,and analyzes the government's behavioral system for responding to disasters from the aspects of the construction of safe havens,the management of fishing boats and rafts,and the temporary disaster response.The fourth part is to discuss the local practical experience and the behavior of science and technology,the public and the government in the disaster response process.The study found that local practical experience and science and technology can form a better coordinated combination in disaster early warning methods and post-disaster production and lifestyle restoration.This is because local practical experience has certain limitations in use and inheritance,while science and technology can be more effective.Good to bridge the shortcomings of experience.In this process,the government not only acts as the promoter of disaster early warning technology,but also can make up for the lack of public response by its organizational capabilities and professional advantages during the emergency and post-disaster recovery phases.This article believes that the process of disaster response is essentially a process of coordination,communication and cooperation between different disaster-affected subjects,and it is also a process of multi-knowledge blending.Each region has different disaster response methods,and local knowledge of disaster response is often dynamically mixed.In particular,the research in this article illustrates the possibility of organically combining science and technology with local practical experience in disaster response.Therefore,a key point for truly effective response to disasters is to return to the various stages of disaster occurrence to analyze the coordination and cooperation of different subjects,and to establish an organic cooperation mechanism that blends different knowledge. |
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