A Study On Human Dental Non-metric Characters Of Qiongkeke Cemetery In Ili,Xinjiang

The study materials in the thesis are human teeth unearthed from No.1 and No.2cemetery of Qiongkeke in Ili River area,Xinjiang.Qiongkeke cemetery is located in the south bank of Kashi River,Kemeng Township,Nilka County,Ili,Xinjiang.Kashi River is the second largest tributary of Ili River.Its source lies in the northeast foot between Mount Tian and Mount Ilen Habirga.In July,2001,in order to cooperate with the construction of Jilintai Hydropower Project,Xinjiang Cultural Relics Bureau,Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture Cultural Relics Management Office,and Nilka County Cultural Relics Management Office found more than 100 tombs in Qiongkeke No.1 cemetery and Qiongkeke No.2 cemetery on the first level platform in the area.In August and September of the same year,Xinjiang Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology excavated 59 tombs in Qiongkeke No.1 cemetery,and 40 tombs in Qiongkeke No.2 cemetery the next year.At present,the excavation report of the two cemeteries has not been published.The14 C dating goes as below: 984-830 BC,with another going as 1040-906 BC,later than that of Andronovo Culture.The main study of the thesis focuses on the human teeth of the two cemeteries.From the perspective of archaeology,dental anthropology and statistics,it explores the genetic relationship between the ancient people in Qiongkeke cemeteries and other people,in order to provide new information and data for the study of dental anthropology.The basic framework of the thesis is as follows:Chapter One: Introduction.In the chapter,it introduces the natural environment,geographical conditions,regional archaeological research results of Qiongkeke cemeteries,and explains the study purpose of the thesis.Chapter Two: The study background and methodology.In this part,it introduces the study history of biological distance analysis,and briefly reviews the academic history of skeletal and dental non-metric characters.Chapter Three: Materials and methods.In the study,14 control groups are selected: Ainu group,Jomon group,Anyang group,Aleutian group,Basque group,Tlatelolco group,Grasshopper group,Philippines group,Yutian(Keriya)group,Baikal group,Sopka(?????)group,Urga group,Longxian group and Miaozigou group.By calculating the MMD value,hierarchical cluster analysis and PCo A(principal coordinate analysis),the similarity of dental morphology between the group of Qiongkeke cemeteries and the control groups is discussed.In addition,the preservation of materials in Qiongkeke cemeteries is recorded in detail.Chapter Four: The result of statistical analysis.The result shows that the dental morphology of the people in Qiongkeke cemeteries is the most similar to that in western Eurasia,also similar to that of Sunda-Pacific type to some degree.Likewise,it appears the closest to that of Basque group and Yutian Group,and less closest to that of Ainu group and Jomon group,but away from that of Urga group,Anyang group,Miaozigou group Aleutian group and Tlatelolco group.The result also shows that the group of Qiongkeke cemeteries has the closest genetic distance to Basque group and Yutian Group,and has the second closet to Jomon group,but away from other control groups.Chapter Five: Conclusion.In this part,it summarizes the study results of the full text,and discusses and reflects on the study methods of dental anthropology.