Research On Spatial Reference Mechanism Based On General Name Of Geographical Element

Geographic information is closely related to human social and economic activities,and a large amount of address description information is preserved and recorded in all walks of life and departments.Address description information often needs to be transformed into spatial coordinates in order to obtain knowledge better by means of spatial analysis.Address coding is an important way to establish the relationship between address description information and spatial entity location.It provides functions such as positioning,analysis,visualization and mapping for social economic information,and plays an indispensable role in national economic construction and people's daily life.Address coding,also known as address matching,is the process of establishing association between address information described in natural language and spatial location.Improving the quality of address coding has always been a concern.At this stage,people mainly improve the quality of address matching from three aspects:the improvement of address segmentation method,the construction of standard address library and the optimization of address matching model.Since there is no word segmentation tool specifically for Chinese addresses,the result of address segmentation is not ideal.Address matching is inseparable from the support of the standard address library,and the existing standard address library only contains the government-published standard place name address data,and a large number of non-normative address data in daily life are not included in these addresses.When there arc many geographical elements without a proper name,it is difficult for them to locate only by their type,but when the spatial extent of the search is narrowed,it is possible to retrieve a unique target.The quality of address coding also depends on the quality of the matching model.Constructing a suitable matching model is also an effective means to improve the quality of address coding.This paper focuses on the problem of referential positioning using generic names of elements.Firstly,the mechanism of factor naming is studied.The referential address description has reference implicit(street is implicit),the topological relationship is complex(what road is opposite,the direction and width of the road,etc.),and the target information is incomplete(only type names,colors,shapes,etc.)Secondly,it expands the method of geographic element data participation in referential positioning,and incorporates the generic geographical elements into the standard address library to establish a reference basic geographic element index table,which is divided into the basic geographic element index table and the element generic name and map symbol index table.The former mainly stores the generalized name of the geographic element,the standard name of the geographic element,the type of the element,and the layer and symbol encoding of the element.The latter stores the standard name of the element and the map symbol,and the combination of the two can complete the generalized name from the element.The mapping between the geographic element,standard name and the map symbol provides strong data support for the implementation of the element name reference positioning.Finally,the spatial reasoning method of factor-named reference location is studied.For the basic model of"reference object+ spatial relationship+ general name of geographical element" in the reference address description,an algorithm model based on address matching is proposed for "reference object+spatial relationship 1+general name of geographical element+spatial relationship 2"basic mode,proposes an algorithm model based on spatial interpolation,which satisfies the matching requirements of various reference address forms,thereby improving the quality of address coding.