Changes Of Soil Microorganisms And Enzyme Activitis In Perennial Cane Fields Under Pink Ridge Cultivation

As a new type of farming technology,powder ridge farming has been promoted and applied in 26 provinces(regions)and 40 crops in the country,and has achieved remarkable results.In order to find out the change of soil microor ganism and enzyme activity of the root sugar cane under the cultivation of the powder ridge,the experiment of four farming methods was carried out with the root sugar cane as the test crop,the red soil was the test soil,the powder ridge20 cm(FL20),the powder ridge 40 cm(FL40),the rotary tilling 20 cm(XG)and the deep tum 40 cm(SF)were tested.The changes of carbon nitrogen,microbial quantity,enzyme activity,microbial functional diversity and microbial community structure diversity were measured and analyzed,with a view to providing the theoretical basis for soil-related research and application of the technological innovation of the cultivation of the powder ridge.The test results are as follows:(1)Compared with XG,FL20 rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microbial biomass carbon content increased by 17.90%?86.54% and10.28%?51.48%,and microbial biomass nitrogen content increased by41.84%?191.1% and 7.33%?153.7%;and compared with SF,FL40 thizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil microbial biomass carbon content increased by11.91%?31.35% and 12.55%?48.01%,microbial biomass nitrogen content increased by 41.13%?82.68% and 26.54%?39.84%;and FL20 the difference in microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen content between FL40 and FL40 is not obvious,but the overall performance is that FL40 is greater than FL20.(2)Compared with XG,the number of ammoniated bacteria,potassium bacteria,inorganic phosphorus bacteria and organic phosphorus(3)bacteria in FL20 soil increased by 22.47%?169.08% ?32.60%?122.24%?53.93%?332.9% and 39.17%?254.95%.Compared with SF,FL40 increased by 45.52%?81.53% ? 8.30%?59.84% ? 20.35%?69.52% and26.93%?128.4%.Generally speaking,FL40 has the highest number of microorganisms.(3)Compared with XG and SF,the activity of soil urease,sucrase,catalase,and acid phosphatase increased by 2.00%?60.47%?17.51%?136.1%?19.50%?58.58% ? 2.71%?28.54% under the treatment of powder ridge cultivation(FL20,FL40),and FL40 enzyme activity is higher than FL20.(4)During sugarcane maturity,the FL20 rhizosphere soil microbial community carbon metabolism function had the largest Shannon index and the highes tmicrobial functional diversity;the FL40 non-rhizosphere soil had the largest Shannon index and the highest microbial functional diversity.The utilization rate of microorganisms in soil to different types of carbon sources is lipid > amines > acids > monosaccharides/glycosides/polymeric sugars > amino acids.Rhizosph ere soils have the highest utilization rate of various carbon sources with FL20;gon-thizosphere soils have the highest utilization rate of various carbon sources with FL40.(5)By analyzing the richness,unifomity and diversity index of bacteria and fungi OTU levels in the soil of the mature root cane under different tillage me thods,it was found that the differences in bacterial and fungal abundance,uniformity and diversity index in the soil of the sugarcane fields under different farming methods were different.Among them,FL20 has the best effect on soil bacterial diversity in sugarcane field,while SF has the most obvious effect on soil fungal diversity in sugarcane field.(6)Powder ridge faming can improve sugarcane yield and quality.Compared with traditional farming,sugarcane yield increased by 2.49%?8.74%and stem diameter increased by 1.69%?3.46% under powder ridge farming(FL20,FL40).At the same time,the weight of the sugarcane processed by FL20 increased by 7.04%.It can be seen that powder ridge farming is beneficial to increa se the yield and quality of sugarcane.In summary,smash ridge technique effectively promoted the increase of soil microbial biomass and microbial number in sugarcane fields,increased soilenzyme activity,improved soil microbial functional diversity and community structure diversity,thus promoting the absorption and utilization of soil nutrients by sugarcane,and further improving the quality and yield of sugarcane.