| Emotions have very important influence on cognitive activities.The emotional state of an individual can affect the degree of moderation in Internet use.Many scholars believe that the way teenagers improve their emotions is mainly through online activities,so as to avoid the negative emotions such as depression and anxiety.Internet Addiction Disorder(IAD)may form over time.It has been proved that the cognitive processing function of Internet addicts is impaired,and emotion often plays an intermediary role in the formation of addiction.However,in the current research on Internet addiction,the two factors of cognition and emotion are mostly investigated separately.Previous studies have found that IAD people often showed with failure to suppress behavioral responses when facing emotional events.Therefore,the interactive relationship between emotional state and cognition in the formation of Internet addiction still needs to be further explored.In addition,Heavy Internet Use(HIU)involves more people in the crowd and has more long-term harm.Besides,due to milder than Internet addiction,it has not attracted enough attention,and there are few relevant studies.At the same time,in recent years,scholars have begun to discuss the neural mechanisms related to Internet addiction.Some progress has been made in terms of brain structure and brain function.Among them,the prefrontal lobe has been emphasized as the core of the inhibitory control system in the neural mechanism of IAD.As to research methods,using a targeted research paradigm to evaluate behavior and brain function on a specific cognitive process comprehensively will be of great significance.Therefore,functional near-infrared spectroscopy(f NIRS)combined with the classic stroop paradigm was used in current study,to analyze the characteristics of cognitive control in different emotional states in HIU college students.The purpose of this study is to further explore the mechanism of prefrontal lobe functional change in the process of emotion and cognitive processing in HIU,so as to provide new clues for the prevention of Internet addiction among college students.In the first experiment,electroencephalography(EEG)was used to explore the difference of signals between open-eye and the closed-eye in the state of awareness at the whole brain level.In the second experiment,emotional audio stimulation was used to guide the subjects into the emotional state.The f NIRS was used to collect blood oxygen level data of the prefrontal area,both in subjects with HIU and in healthy controls(HC)under three kinds of emotional state.Stroop tasks were performed after emotional audio stimulation to explore the characteristics the function of prefrontal cortex,as well as the corresponding change according to inhibitory control ability.Then,the cognitive control and neural mechanism of HIU students in different emotional states were discussed.The results of current research were as follows:(1)Compared with the open-eye state,the closed-eye state can make people much focus and relax.(2)In neutral emotional state,the stroop effect of HIU was greater than that of the HC group,with much worse cognitive control performance.The stroop effect of HIU and HC in pleasure and sad emotion states increased compared with neutral one.It suggested that emotions hinder the function of cognitive control.Compared with happy emotion,HIU subjects under the sad emotion showed worse cognitive control performance.Compared with HC subjects,HIU subjects also showed worse cognitive control under sad emotion;(3)During emotional audio stimulation,HIU subjects showed higher sensitivity and involved deeper to sad audio stimulation,while HC subjects showed higher sensitivity and deeper involvement to the pleasant one.There was a difference in the activation of the prefrontal lobe between the two groups bilaterally.Namely,when the happy emotional audio stimulation performed,the left side of the prefrontal lobe of was more activated than the right side in both groups,while quite the opposite when the sad stimulation performed.(4)The activation of prefrontal lobe decreased in both groups when conduct conflict task.This was especially true for HIU subjects under negative emotion.They may be influenced by emotion and showed strong nerve suppression activity in complex cognitive tasks.(5)The brain regions of the dorsolateral prefrontal lobe,ventrolateral prefrontal lobe and orbitofrontal cortex had significant interactions between groups and emotions,and may be the key regions in the integration of emotional and cognitive control in HIU subjects. |
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