Research On Quantum Signature Schemes Based On Local Distinguishing Property Of The Set Of Product States

Quantum signature is an important part of quantum cryptography.It uses the characteristics of quantum entanglement,Heisenberg uncertainty principle and quantum unclonability to ensure that information is not intercepted by attackers,and the signers and verifiers cannot deny the signature.The unconditional security of quantum signatures and the detectability of eavesdropping will undoubtedly have very important strategic significance and huge application prospects,and will play an important role in information security.Quantum entangled states are one of the most important resources of quantum mechanics and one of the most used resources in quantum signatures.Commonly used entangled states include Bell states,W states,GHZ states and Cluster states.Obvious entanglement states and unique entanglement coherence are used by scholars to design various amazing protocols,such as quantum entanglement exchange and quantum teleportation.The local distinguishing of orthogonal product state is an important research content in the field of quantum information.Up to now,a large number of results based on orthogonal product states have been proposed.Based on the research of scholars,this article will use the product state as a quantum resource to design the following two quantum signature schemes.One is an arbitrated quantum signature scheme based on the local indistinguishability of orthogonal product states.In this scheme,we convert the message to be signed into the product states,and the different particles of each orthogonal product states are transmitted separately.At the same time,the scheme requires the receiver and the arbitrator to verify the validity of the signature.Compared with the existing scheme,the scheme can resist all known attacks and ensure the security of the protocol.The other is a quantum proxy signature scheme based on the indistinguishability of orthogonal product states.This scheme meets all the characteristics of quantum proxy signatures.Because the authorization certificate and signature message are converted into quantum sequences,and the particles in the sequence are transmitted separately.Therefore,the attacker cannot obtain any useful information after intercepting the quantum sequence.The security analysis shows that our solution is very safe.In fact,we can get that the production of a product state consumes less resources than the entangled state,which means that the entangled state is far more difficult to generate and control than the product state.Moreover,the complex quantum operations in the entangled state will also bring difficulties to the implementation of the technology,and at the same time will reduce the enforceability of the solution.In addition,the quantum cryptographic scheme designed based on the indistinguishable product state can ensure the maximum security of the scheme under the premise of reducing the amount of decoy states.