Detection And Analysis Of Cfr Gene And Mobile Element Of Staphylococci From Animals In Xinjiang

Florfenicol,as an animal-specific antibacterial agent,has effects on G~+bacteria,G~-bacteria,various susceptible strains,and mycoplasma.However,because our country did not specify the use object of fluphenicol,it caused the outbreak of drug-resistant strains.With the discovery of the cfr gene encoding the 23S r RNA methyltransferase and the fex A gene that mediates low-level resistance,Studies have suggested that the existence of cfr gene is one of the reasons for the outbreak of florfenicol resistant bacteria.However,there are few reports on the research status of cfr and fex A genes in Staphylococcus in Xinjiang.Therefore,the drug resistance of 11commonly used antimicrobial agents was detected by using Staphylococcus isolated from different animal sources in some areas of Xinjiang.PCR method was used for the detection of cfr,fex A and fex B.At the same time,the mobile elements IS21-558(including:ist AS and ist BS)and the Tn558 transposase gene(including tnp A,tnp B,and tnp C)that affect the transmission of cfr gene were detected.In addition,six resistant genes were tested for positive strains(including Quinolone(nor A),macrolides-lincosamides(erm B),tetracyclines(tet A,tet M),?-lactams(mec A,fem A)).To understand the co existence of drug resistance genes in different animal origin of Staphylococcus isolated from Xinjiang.Through the above-mentioned test,we can master the status of drug resistance,cfr gene carriage,and the coexistence of drug resistance genes in Staphylococci isolated from different animal origins in Xinjiang.It is expected to lay the foundation for further study of the resistance mechanism and transmission mechanism of cfr gene.The exact results were as follows:1.A total of 1781 samples of anal swabs and nasal swabs from different animal sources were collected from parts of Xinjiang,1667 strains of Staphylococcus were isolated from the samples,154 strains were isolated from pets,110 strains were isolated from sheep,168 strains were isolated from cattle,597 strains were isolated from pigs and 638 strains were isolated from poultry.The severity of drug resistance is sheep source>pet source>poultry source>pig source>cattle source,The resistance rate of Staphylococcus from different animal sources to penicillin was more than54.7%.In addition to cattle sources(36.3%),the resistance rate to oxacillin exceeds51.1%,It has a good sensitivity to amikacin,and the drug resistance rate is no more than 35.0%.Diversity of drug resistance patterns,The main types of Staphylococcus isolated from sheep were 4 resistance and 5 resistance,The main types of Staphylococcus isolated from pets were 4 resistance,The main types of Staphylococcus isolated from poultry were 11 resistance,The main types of Staphylococcus isolated from pigs were 8 resistance,Staphylococcus isolated from cattle was mainly resistant to penicillin.2.The detection results of 1667 strains of staphylococcal amide alcohol resistance genes showed that:Only 4 cfr positive strains were detected in the sow swabs of pregnant sows,Species identified as Mimic Staphylococcus.Except for Staphylococcus isolated from cattle,the fex A gene was detected in the other animal sources.The detection rates of fex A gene in different animal sources were pet source(31.2%)>pig source(28.1%)>poultry source(25.8%)>sheep source(12.7%).The fex B gene was not detected.In addition,IS21-558 mobile elements(ist AS,ist BS)and Tn558 transposase genes(tnp A,tnp B,tnp C)were all detected in 4 positive strains carrying cfr.In addition to carrying the cfr and fex A genes and their associated mobile elements,the four positive strains also carry tetracycline(tet A,tet M),?-lactam(mec A,fem A)and quinolone(nor A)partial resistance genes.Conclusion:Staphylococcus from different animals in Xinjiang has different degree of drug resistance to antimicrobial agents,and the situation of drug resistance is serious.The drug resistance patterns of Staphylococcus from different animal sources were varied.Moreover,the cfr and fex A genes and IS21-558 mobile components and Tn558 transferase genes associated with cfr transfer were detected.There are multiple drug resistance coexistences in positive strains.The results suggest that drug-resistant strains are at risk of developing into super resistant strains.The detection of moving elements showed that the probability of transferring cfr gene to other species was higher.The monitoring of drug resistant bacteria should be increased and a complete detection system for resistant strains should be established.Reasonable use of drugs to prevent the outbreak of drug-resistant strains in the short term.