Nearly 60 Years Of Crop Growth In Eastern Harbin Changes In Temperature And Rainfall Characteristics

It is of great significance to study the impact of regional climate on local grain production and to explore the coupling mechanism between climate change conditions and grain yield in this region for tapping and simulating the potential productivity of maize in the future climate background and realizing the sustainable increase of maize yield.In this study,60-year datas of temperature and rainfall in three counties of East Harbin were collected,and datas from May to September of crop life stage were analyzed.The results were as below:(1)From 1959 to 2018,ranges of daily average temperature in May,June,July,August and September of East Harbin were 10.7-16.3?,14.8-23.4?,20.0-24.7?,17.8-22.3?and10.9-15.7?;ranges of daily average minimum temperature were 3.2-9.2?,10.0-17.6?,15.3-20.8?,11.9-18.2?and 3.8-11.6?;ranges of daily average maximum temperature were16.1-24.5?,18.8-30.3?,24.8-30.7?,23.1--28.5?and 17.5-23.0?.(2)In these 60 years,probability of temperature?15?was all exceeding 80%,among them,probability(90%)of Tonghe was the largest.From 1959 to 2018,accumulated temperature of activity in Yilan,Tonghe and Shangzhi were 2760.4±177.3?2728.9±173.0 and 2719.6±185.4?,respectively.(3)In these 60 years,range of rainfall in May,June,July,August and September of three counties were 2.0-184.5 mm,9-274.7 mm,21.3-399.6 mm,8.4-389.1 mm and 2.7-204.1 mm,and days of daily rainfall?0.1 mm were 2-21,4-25,5-26,4-23 and 3-21.From 1959 to 2018,total rainfall on crop grow stage in Yilan,Tonghe and Shangzhi were 563.1,732.9 and 955.7 mm,respectively.(4)According to the functional relationship between the yield of soybean,rice and maize and the active accumulated temperature in the growth period constructed by predecessors,the average yield per unit area of soybean in Yilan,Tonghe and Shangzhi increased by 153.8,164.9 and 241.6kg/hm~2 in 2001-2018,respectively,compared with that in 1959-2000.Rice yield per unit area increased by 502.7,542.9 and 795.4 kg/hm~2.Maize yield per unit area increased by 541.8,598.6and 876.6 kg/hm~2,respectively.