Correlation Analysis Of Adcyapl And Clock Polymorphism With Migration Time And Breeding Latitude In The Chinese Egret(Egretta Eulophotes)

The migration behavior of birds is a phenological behavior regulated by endogenous annual cycle rhythm and circadian rhythm.It has significant genetic characteristics,such as the beginning and duration,intensity,direction of migration behavior are heritable.Some phenological candidate genes such as clock and Adcyapl gene allele sequence length changes may affect gene function,and lead to individual and population differences in migration time.The choice of migration time is considered to be a key driving factor in the evolution of migratory bird life history,and is crucial for subsequent courtship,breeding,brooding and other activities,but the physiological and genetic mechanisms behind these phenotypic adjustments are largely unknown.The study of the molecular basis of migration helps to understand the evolutionary process of bird migration behavior adaptation and diversification.We studied the correlations between the polymorphisms of two candidate genes Adcyapl gene and clock gene in Fantuozi Chinese Egret(Egretta eulophotes),and the departure time from the breeding island and the migration start time in autumn.Three Adcyapl alleles(a15,a16,a17)and five clock alleles(Q6,Q7,Q8,Q9,Q10)were identified,in the Chinese Egret.The departure time and migration start time of the Chinese Egret have no correlations with the Adcyapl gene length,but with the clock gene length.The departure time from the breeding island and the length of the short allele of the clock is positively correlated(P<0.05).There is a gender difference in the correlation between the migration time of the Chinese Egret and the clock gene,and there is no significant correlation between the migration time of the male Chinese Egret and the length of the clock gene.In the female Chinese Egret,when the length of the long allele is the same,the shorter the length of the short gene,the earlier the migration start time;when the short allele is the same,the shorter the length of the long allele,the earlier the migration start time(P<0.05).In addition,the correlations between the average allele length of Adcyap1 and clock and the reproductive latitude of five different populations of Chinese Egret,Xiaocaiyu,Riyu,Mantoushan,Xingrentuo and Fantuozi were studied.There is no significant correlation.There are low genetic differentiation on Adcyapl and clock genes among the various populations.The genetic diversity of Mantou Mountain population is the highest and that of Xiaocaiyu population is the lowest.