| This research addresses the problem of waterflooding light or moderately viscous oil reservoirs.;The research was directed towards reducing water mobility in the bottom water zone for more efficient oil displacement. Different surfactant concentrations were used to prepare 10% quality oil-in-water stable emulsions as blocking agents. Three displacement processes, the Emulsion-Slug Process (ESP), the Alternating-Water-Emulsion (AWE) Process and the Dynamic-Blocking Procedure (DBP), were used to improve vertical sweep efficiency. All of these methods consist of two modes: blocking and displacing. The differences among the processes lie in the application of the two modes. In the ESP, the blocking and displacing modes are used only once with the blocking agent injected first followed by a waterflood. In the AWE process, the two modes are used alternately, while in the DBP, the two modes are performed simultaneously.;A mathematical model, accounting for crossflow, for waterflooding a reservoir under bottom water conditions was developed to study water channelling quantitatively. (Abstract shortened by UMI.). |
